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GCSE Food & Nutrition > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Are carbohydrates macronutrients or micronutrients?

A

Macronutrients

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2
Q

What is the main function of carbohydrates?

A

To provide the body with energy

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3
Q

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

A

Sugar, Starch & Fibre

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4
Q

Sugars help provide ____ ________

A

Empty Calories

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5
Q

Sugar can also…

A

Provide Energy

Sweeten / Add Flavours to Foods

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6
Q

What are the two distinct structures of sugars?

A

Monosaccharides & Disaccharides

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7
Q

Monosaccharides are sometimes referred to as ….

A

Simple Sugars

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8
Q

Name 3 examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

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9
Q

How are disaccharides created?

A

When two monosaccharides are joined together

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10
Q

Name 3 disaccharide examples

A

Lactose
Sucrose
Maltose

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11
Q

What are the two types of sugars?

A

Intrinsic, Extrinsic

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12
Q

Where are intrinsic sugars found?

A

Naturally in fruits and vegetables

They can’t be seen by the naked eye

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13
Q

What are extrinsic sugars?

A

Processed sugars

They can be seen by the naked eye

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14
Q

Name 3 health problems associated with high consumption of extrinsic sugars

A

Obesity
Tooth Decay
Type 2 Diabetes

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15
Q

Non-sugars are known as…

A

Polysaccharides

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16
Q

Polysaccharides are long chains of…

A

Monosaccharides & Disaccharides joined together

17
Q

Simple structures of polysaccharides include…

A

Starch & Fibre

18
Q

Complex polysaccharides include…

A

Pectin

19
Q

Starchy foods provide a _____ release of energy

A

Slow

20
Q

Starchy foods release ______ in a ______ manner

A

Glucose, Steady

21
Q

What happens when an excess of starch is consumed?

A

It is stored as fat

22
Q

What does NSP stand for?

A

Non-Starch Polysaccharide

23
Q

Fibre isn’t…

A

Broken down by the body to release energy

24
Q

Where is soluble fibre found?

A

Flesh of fruits and vegetables

Oats and lentils

25
Q

Soluble fibre can speed up…

A

The rate of digestion

26
Q

Soluble fibre keeps ________ levels down

A

Cholesterol

27
Q

Where is insoluble fibre found?

A

Fruits and Vegetable Skins

Wholegrain Cereals

28
Q

What does insoluble fibre do?

A

Acts as a bulking agent, allowing waste products to be properly removed from the body

29
Q

What are 3 things too little fibre in the diet can lead to?

A

Constipation
Bowel Disorders
Appendicitus

30
Q

Adults should consume __g of fibre per day

A

30

GCSE Food & Nutrition (4 decks)

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