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Biology > Carbohydrates + Lipids > Flashcards

Carbohydrates + Lipids Flashcards

(32 cards)

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1
Q

Ratio

A

1C:2H:1O

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2
Q

Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophilic

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3
Q

Building blocks

A

Monosaccharides

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4
Q

Contain

A

Hydroxyl group

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5
Q

Monosaccharides

A
  • one sugar

* 3-7 Carbon atoms

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6
Q

Pentose sugars

A

Ribose + deoxyribose, part of RNA + DNA

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7
Q

Hexose sugars

A

Glucose, Fructose, Galactose

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8
Q

Glucose

A

Source of energy for most living organisms, form other OC

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9
Q

Fructose

A

Fruit and honey

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10
Q

Galactose

A

Milk sugar

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11
Q

Disaccharides

A

2 monosaccharides bound together

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12
Q

Glucose + Glucose

A

Maltose

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13
Q

Glucose + Fructose

A

Sucrose

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14
Q

Glucose + Galactose

A

Lactose

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15
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Many sugar molecules linked together

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16
Q

Starch

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A

Energy storage in plants

17
Q

Glycogen

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A

Energy storage in animals, fat and liver cells

18
Q

Cellulose

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A
  • structural component of cell walls
  • support and structure
  • hydrophobic
  • cannot digest it
19
Q

Chitin

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A

Exoskeleton of insects, cell walls of fungi

20
Q

Lipids

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A

Fats, oils, waxes

21
Q

Soluble in

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A
  • non polar solvents
  • hydrophobic
  • long chains of C and H, few functional O groups
22
Q

Building blocks

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A

Glycerol and fatty acids

23
Q

Glycerol

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A

Alcohol with 3 hydroxyl groups

24
Q

Fatty acids

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A

Long hydrocarbon chains

25
Functions of lipids
* reserve energy * insulation * protection
26
Polyunsaturated fats
Oily
27
Saturated fats
Harder
28
Fats are
Not healthy, cardiovascular disease
29
Hard fats
Clog arteries, thrombosis
30
Must include fats in diet
Omega 3 fatty acids, normal metabolic reactions, some vitamins are fat soluble, phospholipids
31
Cholestrol
Essential for forming of cell membrane, too much can lead to plaques in blood vessels
32
Steroids
Formed from fats

Biology (12 decks)

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