Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Carbon and its Compounds > Flashcards

Carbon and its Compounds Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is Carbon

A

Carbon is generally a non-metallic black solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What element is carbon on the periodic table

A

Carbon is the 6th element on the periodic table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is carbon’s impure form

A

Coal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is carbon in its combined state

A

carbon (iv) oxide, natural gas, dolomite (Mg(Co3)), limestone(Ca(Co3)2), petroleum and wood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Carbon’s electronic configuration

A

Its electronic configuration is 1s2, 2s2, 2p2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carbon’s atomic mass

A

It has the atomic mass of twelve (12).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Allotropy

A

Allotropy is the existence of an element in two or more different forms in the same physical state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of Allotropes

A

Carbon, Tin, Sulphur and Phosphorous exist in different structural forms in their free states.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Allotropic forms of Carbon

A

Crystalline forms: Diamond and Graphite

Non Crystalline forms: Coal and Charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a diamond

A

Diamond is the purest form of naturally occurring carbon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Catenation

A

Catenation is the ability of carbon and sulphur to form straight long chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of bonding occurs in diamonds

A

Covalent bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the diamond atomic structure

A

Carbon atoms are arranged tetrahedrally in octahedral structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Properties of diamonds

A 
It is the hardest known substance
It has a high melting point
It is very dense 
It is resistant to high temperatures
It is a non conductor of heat and electricity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Uses of diamonds

A

It is used as an abrasive to sharpen very hard tools
It is used in the manufacturing of glass cutters
it is used as pivot support in instruments
It has a high refractive index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is graphite

A

Graphite exists as a black, slipper, hexagonal crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Graphite atomic structure

A

The carbon atoms in Graphite form flat layers and are joined together strong covalent bonds. These layers are arranged in parallel, one above the other with weak intermolecular forces operating in-between the layers.
These weak forces allow the movement of the plane parallel over each other. Graphite has a layered structure that consists of rings of six carbon atoms arranged in widely spaced horizontal sheets. Graphite thus crystallizes in the hexagonal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of bonding occurs in Graphite

A

Covalent bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How is Graphite produced

Study These Flashcards
A

It is produced industrially by heating coke to a high

temperature in an electric furnace.

20
Q

What name is given to the process of producing graphite

Study These Flashcards
A

This process is called the Acheson process.

21
Q

Properties of Graphite

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Graphite is an opaque, flaky, soft crystalline solid with metallic lustre
  2. It is chemically inert and has high melting point but less dense than diamond
  3. Graphite is a good conductor of heat and electricity unlike diamond because of the presence of mobile electrons in the crystal lattice
  4. The mobile electrons exist since only three out of the four valence electrons of each carbon atom in the graphite are involved in bond formation while the fourth is delocalized and free to move within the structure
22
Q

Uses of Graphite

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Graphite is used as a lubricant in engines
  2. A mixture of Graphite and clay is used in the manufacture of Lead pencils.
  3. Graphite is used as electrodes in electrolytes as a good conductor of electricity
  4. It is used to line crucibles
  5. Graphite is used as black pigment in paints and as a neutron moderator in atomic piles.
23
Q

What is an amorphous carbon

Study These Flashcards
A

Amorphous Carbon is free, reactive carbon that has no crystalline structure.

24
Q

What are true allotropes

Study These Flashcards
A

True allotropes are carbon atoms that don’t consist of minute crystals of graphite bound together by impurities.

25
Examples of Amorphous Carbon
Wood Charcoal Animal Charcoal Sugar Charcoal
26
How is wood charcoal produced
Wood charcoal is prepared by burning wood in a limited supply of air.
27
Uses of wood charcoal
It is used in gas masks for absorbing poisonous gases It is used for the purification of noble gases and the recovery of industrial solvents Wood charcoal is also used as domestic fuel
28
How is animal charcoal produced
Animal charcoal is produced by heating bones in a limited supply of air.
29
Animal charcoal contains a high percentage of what impurity
It contains high percentage of Calcium tetraoxophosphate (v), ( Ca3 (PO4)) impurity.
30
Uses of animal charcoal
It is used in decolorizing crude sugar and petroleum jelly since since it has the property of absorbing colouring matter.
31
What is the purest form of amorphous carbon
Sugar charcoal is the purest form of amorphous carbon.
32
How is sugar charcoal produced
Sugar charcoal is formed when sugar is dehydrated either by burning the sugar in a limited supply of air or by the action of concentrated tetraoxosulphate(vi) acid. it is also when sugar is reacted with sulphuric acid and the water content is sucked out.
33
Uses of sugar charcoal
It is used to prepare artificial diamonds It is used as reducing agent in the process of extraction of metals It is used to remove dyes from water like methylene blue
34
How is Carbon Black, Lamp Black or Soot produced
These are produced by burning Carbonaceous materials in a limited supply of air.
35
Uses of soot
Carbon black is used as an additive to rubber in the manufacture of rubber tyres It is used in making printer’s ink, carbon paper, black shoe polish, typewriting ribbons etc It is used in the hardening of plastics for hifi records
36
Types of coal
Peat is not a true coal. It is the first stage of coal formation. Peat consists of about 50% carbon. Lignite (brown coal) is a further stage in the process of coal formation. It consists of about 60% carbon. Bituminous coal (soft coal) is the most plentiful of the four types of coal. It consist of about 80% carbon. Anthracite (hard coal) is the final product of the coal making process. It consists of over 90% carbon. Anthracite is the oldest and hardest form of coal.
37
What is destructive distillation
It is subjecting coal to very high temperatures in the absence of air which gives you its core integrates
38
Products of destructive distillation
Volatile Substances: Coal gas, coal tar and ammoniacal liquor Coke
39
Uses of coal gas
It is used for generating heat | It is used in fuel industries
40
Uses of coal tar
It is thick and used in making chemicals like dyes and disinfectants
41
Uses of ammoniacal liquor
It is made of of ammonia and used in making ammonia compounds
42
Uses of coke
It is 90% carbon and used in making calcium carbide and in the production of ethyne
43
What are the 2 classifications of coke
Producer Gas: A mixture of carbon(ii)oxide, hydrogen gas and nitrogen Water Gas: A mixture of carbon(ii)oxide and hydrogen gas. It is calorific They are both used for fuel in heating but water gas is better
44
Properties of Carbon
Combustion: The ability for carbon to burn Combination Reaction: the ability to react with other elements namely:- Hydrogen, aluminium, calcium and sulphur Carbon acts as a reducing agent::It can react with an oxidizing agent that forms carbon(iv)oxide
45
Why is carbon(iv)oxide used in fire extinguishers
The non-flammable nature and the high density of carbon (IV) oxide makes it suitable for extinguishing fires.

Chemistry (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions