Carbon and Water cycle key words

Question 1

Discharge

Answer 1

Volume of Water

Question 2

Photosynthesis

Answer 2

Transfers carbon stored in the atmosphere into biomass

Question 3

Sequestration

Answer 3

Carbon from the atmosphere captured in sedimentary rocks or as fossil fuels

Question 4

Mechanisation

Answer 4

Increase use of machinery for farming

Question 5

Hydrocarbons

Answer 5

Fossil fuels - formed when pre-historic organic matter is buried. Then pressurised by layers of Earth above

Question 6

Industrialisation

Answer 6

Increase in manufacturing and factories

Question 7

Anthropogenically

Answer 7

Caused by human activity

Question 8

Open system

Answer 8

Both energy and matter can enter and leave

Question 9

Closed system

Answer 9

Matter can’t enter or leave

Question 10

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 10

When inputs and outputs of a system are balanced

Question 11

Cryosphere

Answer 11

All forms of frozen water

Question 12

Lithosphere

Answer 12

The rock shell (crust) of the Earth’s surface

Question 13

Biosphere

Answer 13

Zones of all living things

Question 14

Hydrosphere

Answer 14

All of the existing water on or within the solid surface of the earth

Question 15

Atmosphere

Answer 15

The blanket of air that surrounds the Earth’s surface

Question 16

Atmosphere

Answer 16

The blanket of air that surrounds the Earth’s surface

Question 17

Evaporation

Answer 17

The vapourisation of a liquid to a gas

Question 18

Condensation

Answer 18

The change from a gas to a liquid

Question 19

Transpiration

Answer 19

The biological process where water is lost from plants through pores called stomata

Question 20

Evapo-transpiration

Answer 20

The process of evaporation and transpiration together

Question 21

Drainage basin

Answer 21

The area surrounding a river, where the rain falling on the land falls into the river

Question 22

Water balance

Answer 22

Shows the balance between inputs and outputs

Question 23

Water Surplus

Answer 23

Precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration

Question 24

Ground store depletion

Answer 24

Precipitation is lower than evapotranspiration

Question 25

Hydrograph

Answer 25

Shows a rivers discharge over time after a storm event

Question 26

Biomass

Answer 26

Is organic, made of material that comes from living organisms, such as plants and animals

Question 27

Combustion

Answer 27

Transfers carbon stored in living, dead or decomposed biomass into the atmosphere by burning

Question 28

Respiration

Answer 28

Transfers carbon from living organisms into the atmosphere

Question 29

Decomposition

Answer 29

Transfers carbon from dead biomass to the atmosphere and the soil

Question 30

Weathering

Answer 30

Transfers carbon from the atmosphere to the hydrosphere and biosphere

Question 31

Carbon Budget

Answer 31

Difference between inputs and outputs of carbon

Question 32

Mitigation

Answer 32

The action of reducing the action of something (climate change)