CARBOXYLIC ACIDS/AROMATICS

Question 1

Bonds in a benzene

Answer 1

Length intermediate between single and double

Question 2

Stability of benzne

Answer 2

Delocalisation of P electrons make beneze more stable

Question 3

Molecular formula of benzene

Answer 3

C6H6

Question 4

Bonding shape and stability of benzene (6 marks)

Answer 4

1. Each carbon has 3 covalent bond
2. Spare electrons in a p ornitals overlap
3. Delocalisation
4. Palnar
5. Hexagon
6. C-C bonds equal in length
7. Expeceted AH hydrogenation of cyclohexatriene = -360
8. AH hydrogenation is less exothermic by 152
9. Beneze is more stable

Question 5

Industrial advantages of ethanoic anhydride over ethanoyl chloride in the manufacture of the drug aspirin

Answer 5

Cheaper
Less corrosive
Dont react with water

Question 6

Uses of esters

Answer 6

Perfumes
Food flavoruings
Plasticisers
Solvents

Question 7

What is biodiesel

Answer 7

Mixture of methyl estersbifvlong-chain carboxylic acids

Question 8

How are biodisel produced

Answer 8

Reacting vegetable oil eith methanol in presence of NaOH

Question 9

Formation of esters

Answer 9

Alcohol + carboxylic acid + concentrated catalyst
Reflux

Question 10

Define hydrolysis

Answer 10

Breaking of a bond using water

Question 11

Water + acyl chloride=

Answer 11

Carboxylic acid

Question 12

Alchol + acyl chloride=

Answer 12

Ester

Question 13

Ammonia + acyl chloride=

Answer 13

Amide

Question 14

Amine + acyl chloride=

Answer 14

N-substituted amide