Carbs Flashcards
(22 cards)
Formula of Carbs
Cn(H2O)n
How are carbs produced in plants
From CO2 and H20 via photosynthesis
Carbs can be covalently linked with proteins to form what
glycoproteins and proteoglycans
Monosaccharides are what
simple sugars
General formular for monosaccharides
CnH2nOn (n>3)
Where is the carbonyl in an aldehyde?
On the end
Where is the carbonyl in a ketone?
In the middle
What are the most common aldoses for 6 carbons
Glucose, Mannose and Galactose
Clockwise stereoisomers have what notation
R
Anticlockwise stereoisomers have what notation
S
Clockwise stereoisomers prioritises the groups how
From largest to smallest groups in a clockwise stereoisomers
What are priorities for the groups
-OCH3 > -OH > NH2 > -COOH > -CHO > -CH2OH > -CH3 > -H
Enantiomers are what
stereoisomers are non super imposable mirror images
How are D and L isomers designated in sugars that contain many chiral centers?
onlytheonethatismostdistant fromthecarbonylcarbon isdesignatedasD(right)orL(left)
Most hexoses in living organisms are what stereoisomers
D
In nature proteins have what amino stereoisomer and carbohydrates have what stereoisomer
proteins have L-amino acids and carbohydrates have D sugars.
Epimers are two sugars that differ how
In the configuration around one carbon atom
Diastereomers are what and have different what
Stereoisomers that are not mirror images and different physical properties
How is a molecular ring formed in aqueous solution?
Aldehyde or ketone group of a sugar molecule tends to react with a hydroxyl group of the same molecule
Isomers are what
Same formula but different spatial arrangement of atom
In diagrams, horizontal bonds are pointing where and vertical bonds point where?
Horizontal bonds point towards you and Vertical bonds project away from you
Enantiomers are what?
Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images
