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cardiac Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

The cardiac cycle what is the pressure on the right side

A

low due to equal pressure on both sides and short route blood has to take

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2
Q

what is the pressure system on the left side

A
  • high
  • due to the heart pressure needs to be high to push blood to the body
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3
Q

arterial systole is?

A

arterial kick

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4
Q

arterial diastole

A

arterial filling of blood

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5
Q

ventricular systole

A

contraction 1st reading BP

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6
Q

ventricular diastole

A

filling of blood and 2nd reading

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7
Q

what is normal EF?

A

60%

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8
Q

What is the perfusion triangle

A
  • involves the heart pump function ( cant move blood) , blood vessel container function ( not norm blood volume = not enough blood in body) , blood content function ( not enough volume in the container )
  • if one of these things are off= decrease off blood in the body
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9
Q

Within the examination what is the PT doing and what does the telmetry machince tell us

A
  • observation, palpation , edema pitting
  • BP , MAP, HR,RR , SpO2
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10
Q

what is telementry

A
  • machine that can read vital signs constanly
  • depending on the pt we need to constanly monitor them and rate/ rhythm can alternate during activities
  • can be portable
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10
Q

how telemetry pads set up ?

A
  • whit on right
  • white cloud above green grass
  • black smoke above fire
  • chocolate close to my heart
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11
Q

SaO2 tachypnea tachycardia

A

90

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12
Q

PaO2 tachypnea and tachycardia

A

80

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13
Q

SaO2 cardiac dysthymia

A

85

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14
Q

PaO2 cardia dysthymia

A

50

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15
Q

Cardiac meds

A

-amiodarone
-warfin, apixaban
- BBs CCBs ACE-i , ARBs
- aspirin clopoidigrel
- statins
- vasopressin
-tPA

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16
Q

amiodarone AE

A

turn blue / arrythmias

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17
Q

warfin / apixaban

A
  • bleeding
  • no potassium
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18
Q

antihypertensives

A
  • tongue can become swollen ( angioedema)
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19
Q

antiplatelets

A

bleeding

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20
Q

statins

A

tendon rupture

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21
Q

pressors

A

hemodynamic stability effected

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22
Q

tPA

A

clot buster ( increase internal bleeding )

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23
Q

HTN

A

risk factor and asymptotic

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24
ACS
umbrella term for ischemic conditions
25
CAD
plaque in walls of artery
26
angina
chest pain due to cardiac condition stable ( predictable) vs. unstable (unpredictable)
27
MI
ischemia to infarction
28
agonal rhythm
irregular less than 20 bpm near death ( not good )
29
A-fib
most common arrythmia and no arterail kick
30
ventricular tachycardia
more than 100 bpm reg rhytm and most common after acute MI
31
ventricular fib
chaotic rhythm lead to death if untreated
32
VT
irregular rhythm rate more than 150 bpm
33
AV blocks
rhythm disturbance electrical conduction block complete / partial
34
Heart failure
- pump dysfunction that reduces co -left , right , high output , low output , systolic , diastolic -most common cardiomyopathy
35
valvular heart disaese
- affecting one of the 4 valves (stenosis , regurgitation , prolapse)
36
myocardial heart disease
heart muscle tissue messed up
37
pericardial heart disease
- pericardium effect
38
how do we address blood vessels
-revascularized / reperfusion my drugs antithrombotic or surgery usually a CABG
39
addressing rhythm disturbance
- pacemaker - external defibrillator life vest ( shock person back into rhythm see blue goo about to administer shock
40
how do we address heart mechanics
- LVAD RVAD ( have to carry a battery ) - valve replacement
41
thrombolytic therapy
- acute managmnet - thrombolytic agents - indications chest pain , elevated st segment and bundle branch block
42
For thrombolytic therapy what of the time of administration
3hrs onset of chest pain , studies vary between 6-24 hours of onset of symptoms
43
what is the contraindications for thromboyltiv therapy
excessive bleeding
44
Percutaneous revascularization
PTCA -balloon placed in the artery and inflated to maintain patency usually an outpatient procedure
45
CABG
helps address pumping dysfunction by revascularized the myocardium
46
standard vs minimal invasive
- sternal precautions - no sternal precautions
47
sternal percautions
- no lifting over 90 ROM - no lifting over 10 pounds - no driving - no pulling/ pushing ( try not use a walker )
48
cardiac pacemaker
help with having regular rhythm
49
automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator
- help restore normal rhythm by defibrillating myocardium - battery power device under skin monitors HR and delivers shock ( pt hr can change w/ physical therapy activities.
50
stable angina
- predictable - triggered by physical / psychological stressors - constant/ frequent time - rest by nitrogyclerin
51
unstable angina
- unpredictable - can be progressive increase episodes - can use meds likely to have MI
52
absoulte indication
- decompensated CHF - greater than 10 PVcs/ min at rest - chest pain with new ST segment changes - new onset A-Fib w/ rapid ventricular response HR greater than 100 bpm
53
relative indication maybe modify / withold tx
- resting HR greater than 100 bpm - resting HTN greater than 160 systolic and great than 90 diastolic -hypotension at rest less than 80 systolic - A- fib w/ ventricular response at rest greater than 100 bpm
54
MET value sitting (at desk, watching TV, reading )
1.3
55
MET value standing ( at computer , talking on the phone )
1.8
56
home activity( folding and putting away laundry)
2.3
57
home activity moderate effort of cleaning )
3.5
58
brisk walk
4.3
59
yardwork
5.0
60
running (4.3 min./ mile )
23.0
61
stable response vs. unstable response
- tells us if pt is capable to do the activity - hemodynamically stable and hemodynamically unstable
62
cardiac intervention goals
-make sure hemodynamic response is good while mobilizing - max activity tolerance - educate pt/ caregiver of activity *** all activity must be supported by pt activity levl
63
AICD what is the target HR
20-30 beats
63
how many beats do we not want to exceed if pt is on beta blockers
20
63
For a post transplant can you use HR to determine exercise
NO, due to the heart not being able to pump as much since it has to get use to it working
63
What are abnormal response of BP
systolic decrease 10 mmHg below resting systolic response greater than 180 mmHg diastolic response greater than 110 hg
64
RPE borg
6-20
65
mod borg scale RPE
1-10
66
general guidelines for intensity RPE
5 or less 10 point scale 13 or less on 6-20 scale
67
cardiac interventions
- warm up ( low level activity ) - conditioning (func. mobility ) - cool down ( stretching and deep breathing ) - pt edu( self monitoring, safe exercise program, lifestyle mod. med managemnet)
68
phase 1 cardiac
- still in the hospital - stable start working w/ them - 1-4 mets to go up stairs and start working on walking / functional activities - educate on lifestyle modifications/ risk factors
69
Phase 2 cardiac rehab
- 2 weeks after event - continue pt edu - progress exercise
70
phase 3 cardiac rehab
- maintenance and prevention - happens after 2-3 months after event

Acute care (3 decks)

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