cardiac

Question 1

Systolic BP indicated for and purpose:

Answer 1

indicated for CO and the volume/strength of ejection in LV

Question 2

Diastolic BP indication/purpose:

Answer 2

indicated of sustained tension in vasculature and pressure when ventricles at rest

Question 3

MAP calculation:

Answer 3

systolic + diastolic (x2) / 3

Question 4

pulse pressure calculation:

Answer 4

s - d

Question 5

narrowing PP indicates:

Answer 5

vessels clamped down
volume depletion
blood loss
shock

Question 6

widening PP indicates:

Answer 6

relaxation (vasodilatation)
septic
pregnant

Question 7

orthostatic hypotension when:

Answer 7

pulse ^ by >15bpm
BP drops >20 systolic
BP drops >10 diastolic

Question 8

elevated BP recommendations:

Answer 8

wait 15-20 retake in same arm, sitting

Question 9

Stroke volume is decreased in:

Answer 9

Tachycardia

heart failure

Question 10

Low preifereal resistance leads to:

Answer 10

collapsing pulse

Question 11

L ventricular hypertrophy/SHF presentation:

Answer 11

HA
blurred vision
tinnitus
dizzy
angina
neuro deficits
OR NO SYMPTOMS AT ALL

Question 12

Treatment of HTN (4 drugs):

Answer 12

Diuretics
Beta blockers
CCB
ACE inhibitors

Question 13

Isolated systolic hypertension:

Answer 13

Primarily in elderly

treat SBP

Question 14

Diuretics propose/SE:

Answer 14

Work in kidney
remove excess water & na+
SE: HypoK+,

Question 15

CCB purpose/SE:

Answer 15

Work in blood vessels
diminish cardiac contractility and slow cardiac conduction
SE: heart block, CHF, consitpation

Question 16

Beta blocker purpose/SE:

Answer 16

Work in heart/CNS/kidney
Decrease reoccurring MI/less eff. in AA
SE: bronchospasm, brady, glucose intolerance

Question 17

ACE inhibitors purpose/SE:

Answer 17

Work in blood vessels/kidneys

SE: cough, hypotension, expense

Question 18

Beta blocker risks:

Answer 18

prevents flight/fight when needed
not mount cardiac response to low BP/volume
*check sugars

Question 19

Life style modifications CVD:

Answer 19

Loose weight
exercise
nutrition
eat less salt
less alcohol
stop smoking
sleep

Question 20

(ischemic stroke) path:

Answer 20

hypertension–> atherosclerosis –> blockage of blood to brain

Question 21

Hemorrhagic stoke path:

Answer 21

^ BP –> weaken blood vessels in brain –> balloon and burst

Question 22

BP risks for stroke (medical emergency):

Answer 22

Acute sudden increase

Very high BP >180/120

Question 23

Causes for BP med. emergency:

Answer 23

stop BP meds
bring drinking/stopping
drug use/w/d
extreme stress/anger/emtion

Question 24

STROKE symptoms:

Answer 24

facial droop (smile)
Arm drift (raise both arms)
abnormal speech (slurring)

Question 25

Health hx questions:

Answer 25

``` S smoke A age D DM? C high cholesterol H HTN? F family hx CVD ```

Question 26

S1 sound:

Answer 26

Closure of the M/T (AV) valves (early systole) corresponds w/ pulse wave

Question 27

s2 sound:

Answer 27

A/P valves close | to begin diastole

Question 28

in s1 when AV valves open, should you hear it?

Answer 28

NO! when AV closes!

Question 29

Pt with mitral regurgitation the murmur will be heard in"

Answer 29

systole

Question 30

Normal cardiac output:

Answer 30

4-8L/min

Question 31

what 3 indicators are measures w/ CO?

Answer 31

HR BP UO

Question 32

CO calculation:

Answer 32

HR x SV | 60bpm x 60ml/beat

Question 33

Rapid perfusion assessment:

Answer 33

LOC VS UO

Question 34

Systolic occurs between:

Answer 34

s1 & s2