Cardiac CORE - Sheet1

Question 1

most common tumor of the heart

Answer 1

met

Question 2

most common location of myxoma

Answer 2

left atrium, off of atrial septum (attach to the fossa ovalis)

Question 3

2 causes of coronary artery dissection

Answer 3

type A aortic or iatrogenic

Question 4

most common sx of bridging

Answer 4

asymptomatic (can cause chest pain)

Question 5

who develops thrombi in the left atrial appendage

Answer 5

Afib

Question 6

double arch: which is usually dominant?

Answer 6

right

Question 7

most common vascular ring

Answer 7

double aortic arch

Question 8

is double arch associated with congenital heart disease?

Answer 8

not usually

Question 9

most reliable morphologic feature to distinguish true vs. false aneurysm

Answer 9

broad (true) vs. narrow (false) neck

Question 10

when can true apical aneursyms rupture?

Answer 10

10 days post-MI

Question 11

what valve is abnormal with isolated RUL edema?

Answer 11

mitral valve (or papillary rupture post-MI)

Question 12

multifocal nodular mid-myocardial enhancement (2)

Answer 12

sarcoidosis or myocarditis

Question 13

plain film findings of mitral stenosis (4)

Answer 13

1. straightening of the left heart border 2. right double density sign 3. splaying of the carina 4. enlargement of the left atrial appendage.

Question 14

most common benign cardiac tumor

Answer 14

myxoma

Question 15

Carney syndrome

Answer 15

multiple myxomas

Question 16

Basal cell nevus syndrome is associated with…

Answer 16

cardiac fibromas

Question 17

Enlargement of the main and left PA with a small right PA

Answer 17

pulmonary stenosis

Question 18

What helps differentiate most malignant cardiac masses on MR from a benign thrombus?

Answer 18

Increasing signal on first-pass perfusion

Question 19

most common congenital heart disease

Answer 19

bicuspid aortic valve

Question 20

2 findings commonly associated with bicuspid aortic valve

Answer 20

cystic medial necrosis and the ascending aorta is often dilated

Question 21

synonym for L-transposition of the great arteries

Answer 21

Congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (misnomer)

Question 22

calcified mitral valve leaflet with severe biatrial dilation in an older patient

Answer 22

rheumatic heart disease

Question 23

2 causes for a small, well-defined mass attached to a valve

Answer 23

vegetation or papillary fibroelastoma

Question 24

definition of severe coronary artery stenosis (in %)

Answer 24

A severe stenosis is defined by a diameter narrowing > 70%, except in the left main coronary artery where a severe stenosis is > 50%

Question 25

Ischemia: top/septum

Answer 25

LAD

Question 26

Ischemia: septum/bottom

Answer 26

RCA

Question 27

Ischemia: lateral

Answer 27

LCX

Question 28

Ischemia: apex

Answer 28

LAD

Question 29

scimitar vein is associated with what lung abnormality?

Answer 29

hypogenic right lung

Question 30

branches off of the left circumflex, which extend to the inferolateral portion of the left ventricle

Answer 30

obtuse marginal branches

Question 31

small foci of low signal within the areas of delayed enhancement s/p MI

Answer 31

Microvascular obstruction (poor prognostic indicator)

Question 32

very suggestive of cardiac tamponade

Answer 32

concavity of the anterior wall of the right ventricle or collapse of the right atrium

Question 33

most common cause of left ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 33

hypertension

Question 34

3-lead defibrillators will have leads in...

Answer 34

right atrium, right ventricle, and cardiac vein

Question 35

most common cause of nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 35

idiopathic

Question 36

most common total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Answer 36

supracardiac

Question 37

CT criteria for pericardial thickening (in mm)

Answer 37

pericardium with thickness > 4 mm

Question 38

Most common associated defect seen with aortic coarctation?

Answer 38

Biscuspid aortic valve in 50-80%

Question 39

Markedly thickened myocardium with hazy mid-myocardial enhancement

Answer 39

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 40

Which imaging finding is most suggestive of constrictive physiology?

Answer 40

Septal bounce that is most pronounced during inspiration

Question 41

leading cause of a restrictive cardiomyopathy in the Western world

Answer 41

amyloid

Question 42

single large vessel arising from the ascending aorta to supply the pulmonary arteries

Answer 42

type I truncus arteriosus

Question 43

Diffuse subendocardial enhancement (3)

Answer 43

amyloid, Loeffler endocarditis, and endomyocardial fibrosis

Question 44

TOF

Answer 44

1. RV hypertrophy 2. VSD 3. overriding aorta 4. right ventricular infundibular or pulmonary stenosis

Question 45

what kind of ASD is associated with right upper lobe partial anomalous pulmonary venous return

Answer 45

sinus venosus atrial septal defect

Question 46

most common causes of right ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 46

left heart failure and causes of pulmonary hypertension

Question 47

most commonly performed procedure to correct D-transposition

Answer 47

Jatene