Cardiac emergencies

Question 1

stabilisation of the cardiac patient

Answer 1

1 immediately provide flow y oxygen or place in an oxygen cage
2 minimize handling/stress/restraint
3 place iv catheter if possible
4 admin drugs eg.usually furosemide iv or nitroglycerin ointment under the tongue or pinna
5 prepare for thoracocenteis (cats) or abdominocentesis (dogs)
6 if peericardial perfusion provide fluids
7 analgesia for feline ATE

Question 2

what is the value associated with hypotension for a mean systolic pressure

Answer 2

less than 90 mmHg

Question 3

what MAP is required to provide perfusion to vital organs

Answer 3

70-80 mmHg

Question 4

what MAP is considered as hypotension

Answer 4

MAP below 65 mmHg

Question 5

what radiographic view is considered the least stressful for radiographs

Answer 5

a dorsoventral view in sternal recumbency

Question 6

does an ECG provide information on the ability of myocardium to contract Yes or NO

Answer 6

NO

Question 7

does an ECG provide information about the heart valves and endocardium

Answer 7

NO

Question 8

a drug to reduce stress

Answer 8

Butorphanol

Question 9

a drug for diuresis (reduce pre load)

Answer 9

furosemide

Question 10

a drug for vasodilation (decrease preload or afterload)

Answer 10

Nitroglycerin

Question 11

drug to increase contractitlity

Answer 11

pimobendin (vetmeddin)

Dobuamine

Question 12

what is sustained ventricular tachycardia a sign of

Answer 12

lasting more than 30sec is associated with medium to high risk of sudden death

Question 13

what side of the dog do you clip for a percardiocentesis

Answer 13

the right side of the dog

Question 14

what are the clip margins for a percardiocentesis

Answer 14

clip from the 3rd to the 8th right intercostal space in the region of the costochondral junction

Question 15

mean survival rate for cats with FATE feline aortic thromboembolism

Answer 15

51-350 days