Cardiac Murmurs and Auscultation Flashcards
Three features of Mitral Stenosis?
Tapping Apex Beat
Loud first heart sound
Rumbling mid-diastolic murmur at apex
Three features of Mitral Regurgitation?
Displaced, volume overloaded apex beat
Soft first heart sound
Pan-systolic murmur radiating to apex
Pulse character associated with Aortic stenosis?
Slow rising pulse
Three features of Aortic Stenosis?
Narrow Pulse Pressure
Soft second heart sounds
Ejection systolic murmur in aortic area
Pulse Character of Aortic Regurgitation?
Collapsing pulse
Three features of Aortic Regurgitation?
Wide pulse pressure
Displaced, volume overloaded apex beat
Early diastolic murmur at left lower sternal edge
Two features of Tricuspid Regurgitation?
Large systolic v waves
Pan-systolic murmur at left lower sternal edge
Ventricular septal defect?
Harsh, pan-systolic murmur at left sternal edge
Left parasternal heave
Where can you best hear the first heart sound?
Cardiac Apex
Other than the first heart sound, what else is best heard at the Cardiac Apex?
Third and fourth heart sounds
Mid diastolic murmur of mitral stenosis
Where can murmur of atrial and tricuspid regurgitation best be heard?
Lower L sternal border
In terms of systole and diastole, where would you expect to hear murmurs of atrial regurgitation?
Early diastolic
Name three causes for pan-systolic murmurs.
Mitral regurgitation
Tricuspid regurgitation
Ventricular Septal Defect
Where can the second heart sound be heard best
At the upper left sternal border
Name three pathologies that would best be heard at the upper left sternal border
Mitral Stenosis
Pulmonary valve murmurs
Ventricular septal defects
