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Cardio Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

AAA

A

Midline scar
expansile AAA
thrills
abdominal bruit

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2
Q

AR

A

Collapsing pulse
Early diastyolic murmur
head bobbing
nail bed pulsatation
water hammer pulse/corrigans pulse

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3
Q

AS

A

EJSM that radiates to corotids
narrow pulse P
slow rising pulse
soft/absent S2

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4
Q

MR

A

Pansystolic Blowing murmur radiating to axilla
quiet S1
split S2

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5
Q

MS

A

Mid-late diastolic murmur (louder on exp)
Malar flush
haemoptysis
loud S1
opening snap
A fib

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6
Q

EJSM

A

AS
HOCM
PS
ASD

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7
Q

Pansystolic Mur

A

MR
TR
VSD

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8
Q

pulmo fib

A

bibasal fine end insp crackles
SOB
dry cough
clubbing + nail signs

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9
Q

COPD

A

Cough (maybe productive of white sputum)
wheeze
Hand signs (tar staining)
SOB/tachyopneoea
cyanotic
pursed lips breathing
Barrel chest

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10
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Tarstaining, clubbing, RA signs
reduced chest movement
tracheal deviation away from the side
stony dull percussion
reduced tactile and vocal fremitus
auscultation - reduced lung sounds

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11
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Insp + exp crackles
finger clubbing
Gargling soound in lower lobe (rhonci)
DDx COPD

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12
Q

CF

A

Young pt
Around the bed - sputum pots, oxygen, nebuliser,
IV access (PICC line)
increased work of breathing
clubbing
coarse crackles

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13
Q

hepatomegaly causes

A

cirrhosis
HCC
RHF

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14
Q

splenomeg

A

Malaria
RHF
Cancer
Sickle cell
leukemia

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15
Q

Bilat UMN signs

A

MS
MND
Myelopathy

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16
Q

III N palsy

A

down and out
dilated pupil
ptosis

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17
Q

4 N palsy

A

defective downward gaze
vertical diplopia

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18
Q

5N palsy

A

Trigem neuralgia
weakness of mastication
No corneal or jaw jerk reflex
loss of sensation

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19
Q

6N palsy

A

Horizontal diplopia

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20
Q

7N Facial palsy

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A

awkward movements (flacid paralysis)
loss of corneal reflex
louder sounds
loss of taste

Bells. Look for rash (ramsey hunt)

21
Q

8N palsy

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A

Vertigo
hearing loss
nystagmus

22
Q

Rhinne and webber

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A

If both rinne normal = sensorineural (weber lateralises to unaffected side)

23
Q

9N palsy

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A

loss of taste
defective swallow
loss of gag reflex

24
Q

10N palsy

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A

uvula dev away fro lesion
loss of gag

25
11 N palsy
poor shrug cant turn face
26
12 N palsy
Tongue dev toward side of lesion
27
horner syndrome
ptosis constricted pupil
28
bilat ptosis
MG myotonic dystrophy
29
Musc nerve compression (C5-7)
Weakness of elbow flexion/supination loss of sensation to lat forearm
30
Axillary nerve compression (C5-6)
weakness of shoulder abduction flat delt loss of sensation over delt
31
Radial nerve compression
loss of wrist/finger extension (-> wrist drop) Loss of sensation to snuff box
32
Median nerve compression
loss of hand muscle func loss of thumb opposition loss of sensation to med 3 fingers (carpel tunnel)
33
Ulnar nerve compression
loss of wrist flexion loss of sensation to pinky finger
34
long thoracic nerve compression
winged scapula
35
femoral never compression
loss of knee extension loss of sensation to anterior thigh
36
obturator nerve compression
loss of thigh adduction loss sensation medial thigh
37
tibial nerve compression
loss foot plantarflexion (down) loss sensation sole of foot
38
common peroneal nerve
loss of foot dorsiflexion (up) foot drop loss sensation lateral calf
39
superior gluteal nerve
hip abduction +ve trundelenberg sign
40
UMN lesions
inc tone no fasciculations hyperreflexia
41
LMN lesions
hypotonia fasciculations Hyporeflexia
42
quadrantonopia
PITS
43
Cause of RAPD
Optic neuritis Retinal detatchment glaucoma optic n damage
44
charcot marie tooth
foot drop high arched feet muscle weakness hyporeflexia
45
knee exam
passive + active flexion/extension palpate knee when straight and flexed sweep + tap test ant/post draw + lachmans offer mcmurrays Gait
46
Hip exam
knee to chest (passive + active) passive - internal/external, add/abd, extension Thomas test sensation gait + trendellenberg
47
Hand exam
Look + temp + pulses + look elbows palpate dupytrens + hypothenar snuff box palpate each joint, ulnar border Active movement + power (hand/elbow) Pincer grip + power grip fine touch sensation De Q Tendo Praying + other way tap test
48
Resp exam
hands, neck, face, CO2 flap palpate apex palpate trachea chest expansion percuss auscultate (resonance + fremitus) do same on back check legs
49
Cardiac
hands, (brachial pulse) neck (auscultate, JVP + hapatojug) face apex + heaves/thrills 4 valves apex + carotids lean to left + lean forward AA Same on back Legs

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