cardio

Question 1

how do the heart, blood, and blood vessels work together to perform the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products, and medications to and from organs, tissues, and cells

Question 2

what r arteries

Answer 2

blood vessels travel in one direction thru arteries (red)

Question 3

what are arterioles

Answer 3

smaller branches of blood vessels

Question 4

what are veins

Answer 4

groupings of venuoles (blue)

Question 5

what r venuoles

Answer 5

small veins

Question 6

y can substances diffuse thru cappilaries

Answer 6

cos theyr thin

Question 7

how much blood does a healthy adult body have

Answer 7

5 liters

Question 8

what is the function of RBCs

Answer 8

carry oxygen and carbon dioxide btwn lungs and cells of body

Question 9

function of WBCs

Answer 9

immunity

Question 10

platelets function

Answer 10

stop bleeding when blood vessel is dmged

Question 11

y is the heart important

Answer 11

pumps blood

Question 12

what is cardiac conduction

Answer 12

how the heart creates electric impulses

Question 13

what r the chambers of the heart

Answer 13

right and left atrium, right and left ventricle

Question 14

pulmonary circulation

Answer 14

blood is pumped from heart to lungs thru pulmonary arteries where it pucks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. then the blood returns to the heart thru pulmonary veins

Question 15

systemic circulation

Answer 15

blood is pumped from heart thru arteries to rest of body and returns to heart thru veins

Question 16

coronary circulation

Answer 16

arteries and veins connected to the aorta provide blood to actual heart muscle

Question 17

pulse and heart rate tests

Answer 17

used in all physical exams to see if hr is normal and regular

Question 18

echocardiogram

Answer 18

ultrasound of heart is taken to show detailed img of heart and valves

Question 19

EKG or ECG electrocardiography

Answer 19

a test that measures the records and electrical activity or heart using electrodes. used to determine if HR is normal (arrhythmia)

Question 20

cardiac catherization aka coronary angiogram

Answer 20

places catheter thru blood vessel in arm or leg to the heart. dye is injected and x-ray views heart to see coronary arteries r blocked, valves r not opening/closing, and if chambers r contracting sufficiently

Question 21

Blood pressure test

Answer 21

sphygmomanometer measueres pt bp. HBP can lead to hearrt disease and is an important measure of stress on heart

Question 22

normal pulse and HR

Answer 22

60-100 bpm

Question 23

normal echocardiogram

Answer 23

55-65%

Question 24

normal blood pressure

Answer 24

120/80

Question 25

what r u hearing when u listen to a heartbeat

Answer 25

valves opening and closing

Question 26

what is pulse

Answer 26

extension of heartbeat as blood is pumped in blood thru arteries

Question 27

how is pulse felt at different parts of body

Answer 27

close to heart and larger

Question 28

which pulse is strongest?

Answer 28

carotid

Question 29

which pulse is weakest

Answer 29

dorsalis pedis

Question 30

what type of cell is most abundant in blood tissue

Answer 30

RBC

Question 31

what is purpose of intercalated discs in cardiac muscle

Answer 31

hold cells together w/ strong adhesion

Question 32

how is cellular structure of arteries vs veins different

Answer 32

artery walls thicker and have more smooth elastic tissue

Question 33

what is BP

Answer 33

force creaed by pulse of blood flowing thru artery

Question 34

y is HBP bad

Answer 34

heart is working too hard and can fail

Question 35

whats hematocrit

Answer 35

% of blood made out of RBCs

Question 36

how is hematocrit used to diagnose health problem

Answer 36

see if too much or little RBCs in oxygen

Question 37

what is liquid part of blood called?

Answer 37

plasma

Question 38

what % of plasma is water?

Answer 38

90%

Question 39

where r blood cells created?

Answer 39

bone marrow

Question 40

what r platelets

Answer 40

weird shaped cells in blood

Question 41

what do platelets dos

Answer 41

stop blood loss with scab

Question 42

how do platelets form a scab

Answer 42

exposed to air, react with fibrinogen and break apart to make fibrin, which forms web and stops blood form flowing thru, layer dries and hardens into scab

Question 43

what r RBCs

Answer 43

circulate 20-30 million times

Question 44

what is funciton of RBCs

Answer 44

circulate

Question 45

what is hemoglobin

Answer 45

iron creating protein

Question 46

y is hemoglobin important

Answer 46

transports oxygen molecules nad gives rbcs their color

Question 47

what r WBCs

Answer 47

cells responsible for immunity

Question 48

function of WBCs

Answer 48

immunity

Question 49

what r granulocytes

Answer 49

wbcs with granules in the cytoplasm

Question 50

what are agranulocytes

Answer 50

wbcs without granules in the cytoplasm

Question 51

what type of RBC is mostly in blood sample

Answer 51

neutrophil

Question 52

how much rbc and wbc r in a single drop of human blood

Answer 52

4.5-5 mil rbc and 8000 wbc

Question 53

what is anemia

Answer 53

decrease in RBCs and lack of oxygen

Question 54

anemia symptoms

Answer 54

fatigue headache pale SOB and fainting

Question 55

what is complete blood cell count

Answer 55

procedure that shows number of rbcs and wbcs in blood

Question 56

how does hemocytometer help perform blood cell count

Answer 56

put blood on the surface with a grid, and count then estimate how much in the body

Question 57

what r some solutes in blood

Answer 57

potassium, sodium, calcium