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Family Practice > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What does the left circumflex artery supply

A

Left ventricular wall

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2
Q

What does the marginal branch supply

A

Right ventricle

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3
Q

What does the posterior descending artery supply

A

Posterior and inferior left ventricle

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4
Q

Calculate map

A

1/3 systolic + 2/3 diastolic

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5
Q

Name the three layers of arteries and veins

A

Intima media adventitia

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6
Q

What is the aorta is blood supply

A

Vasa vasorum

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7
Q

Inotropy

A

Myocardial contraction

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8
Q

Lusitropy

A

Myocardial relaxion

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9
Q

Chronotropy

A

SA node firing

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10
Q

Dromotropy

A

AV mode conduction velocity

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11
Q

Me neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system

A

Norepinephrine

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12
Q

Where is renin released from

A

The kidneys

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13
Q

Three reasons why am renin is released

A

Low blood pressure
low sodium
norepinephrine stimulation

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14
Q

Where is angiotensinogen made

A

Liver

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15
Q

Four things that angiotensin II does

A

Smooth muscle construction
water resorption
ADH release
aldosterone release

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16
Q

Purpose of aldosterone

A

Triggers renal sodium and water resorption and potassium excretion

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17
Q

Recommended daily allowance of sodium per day

A

1500 mg per day

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18
Q

How much do most antihypertensive meds drop blood pressure

A

7-13 / 7-8

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19
Q

Mechanism of action of diuretics

A

Inhibits the NaCl pump on the distal convoluted tubule leading to increased sodium excretion and water excretion

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20
Q

Class of HCTZ

A

Diuretic

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21
Q

Side effect of HCTZ

A

Hypokalemia

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22
Q

Mechanism of action of potassium sparing diuretics

A

Block sodium channels in the distal nephron

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23
Q

Midamore

A

Amiloride

Potassium sparing diuretics

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24
Q

Dyreniun

A

Triamterene

Potassium sparing diuretics

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25
Side effect of potassium sparing diuretics
Hyperkalemia
26
Class of antihypertensives used and CHF
Loop diuretics
27
Mechanism of action of Loop diuretics
Blocks sodium potassium chloride transporter in the loop of Henley. Decreased sodium reabsorption and thus less watery absorption
28
Ladin
Furosemide | Loop diuretic
29
Side effect of Loop diuretics
Dehydration leaving to Renal failure
30
Demedex
Torsemide | Loop diuretic
31
Mechanism of action of ace inhibitors
Decrease angiotensin II production increase bradykinin levels decrease sympathetic activity
32
Prinvil
Lisinopril | ACEi
33
First line antihypertensive for patients with renal disease
Ace inhibitors
34
Side effect of lisinopril
Angioedema and cough
35
Vasotec
Enalapril | ACEi
36
Diovan
Valsartan | ARB
37
Cozaar
Losartan | ARB
38
Mechanism of action of aldosterone antagonist
Aldosterone receptor antagonist increase potassium decrease sodium reabsorption and thus less water reabsorption
39
Aldactone
Spironolactone | Aldosterone antagonist
40
Side effect of Aldactone
Decreases testosterone and increases estradiol leaving to gynecomastia impotence and menstrual abnormalities
41
Mechanism of action of beta blockers
Competitively inhibits beta-1 receptors decreases heart rate and contractility lowers cardiac output
42
Lopressor
Metoprolol | Beta blocker
43
Contraindication of beta blockers
Asthma and COPD
44
Trandate
Labetolol | Beta blocker
45
Which beta blocker also has alpha-1 inhibition
Labetalol
46
Alpha blocker mechanism of action
Alpha-1 receptors blocker
47
Cardua
Doxazosin | Alpha blocker
48
Hytrin
Terazosin | Alpha blocker
49
Mechanism of action of sympatholytic agents
Alpha-2 receptors agonists decreased resistance by decreasing sympathetic outflow and depleting norepinephrine
50
Catapress
Clonidine | Alpha-2 receptors agonist
51
Side effects of Catapress
Rebound hypertension sexual dysfunction
52
Which antihypertensive helps with heroin withdrawal
Catapres
53
Mechanism of action of calcium channel blocker's
Block calcium channels and reduce intracellular calcium and reduce vasoconstriction
54
Mechanism of action of non-dihydropyridine's
Decrease force of contraction vasodilation slow SA and AV node
55
Mechanism of action of dihydropyridine's
Decrease SVR an arterial pressure
56
Side effect of dihydropyridine's
Reflex tachycardia
57
Norvasc
Amlodipine | Dihydro CCB
58
Procardia
Nifedipine | Dihydro CCB
59
Cardiazem
Diltiazem | Nondihydro
60
Side effect of Cardiazem
Peripheral edema
61
First-line antihypertensive for a fib patients
Cardiazem
62
What does the LAD supply?
The septum in the anterior ventricular wall
63
Symptoms of mitral regurgitation
Dyspnea fatiguability palpitation left-sided heart failure
64
Most common cause of mitral regurgitation
MVP
65
Hello systolic murmur at the apex of the heart
Mitral regurgitation
66
Mid systolic click and late systolic murmur
MVP
67
Most common cause of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
68
Symptoms of mitral stenosis
Dyspnea hemoptysis palpitations fatigue
69
Symptoms of aortic stenosis
Dyspnea exertional syncope pulmonary congestion fatigue
70
Paradoxically split s2
Aortic stenosis
71
Acute causes of aortic regurgitation
Endocarditis aortic dissection Trauma
72
Chronic causes of aortic regurgitation
Rheumatic heart disease bicuspid valve Marfan syndrome
73
Symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation
Dyspnea | systemic vascular congestion
74
Symptoms of tricuspid stenosis
Fatigue | systemic vascular congestion
75
Most common cause of tricuspid stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease

Family Practice (1 decks)

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