Cardio Meds

Question 1

What are calcium channel blockers suffixes?

Answer 1

-pine
-zem
-pril

Question 2

ACE inhibitor suffixes?

Answer 2

-pril

Question 3

Angiotensin receptor blocker suffixes?

Answer 3

-sartan

Question 4

Beta blocker suffixes?

Answer 4

-olol

Question 5

Antiarrythmic class 1a drugs: what do they do and names?

Answer 5

Sodium channels - moderate phase 0 and conduction slowing

Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide

Question 6

Class 1b antiarrythmics; what are they and what do they do?

Answer 6

Sodium channel blocker - little effect on phase 0 and no effect on APD

Lidocaine, mexilentine, totcaide

Question 7

Class 1c antiarrythmics; what are they and what do they do?

Answer 7

Sodium channel blocker - large effect on phase 0 depression and conduction slowing, little effect on depolarisation

Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine

Question 8

Class II antiarrythmics; what are they and what do they do?

Answer 8

Beta blockers - reduce heart rate

Examples include - atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, propranolol,

Propranolol - non selective

Question 9

Class III antiarrythmics; what are they and what do they do?

Answer 9

Potassium channel blockers - increase electrical refractory period

E.g. amiodarone, sotalol, ibutalide

Question 10

Class IV antiarrythmics; what are they and what do they do?

Answer 10

Calcium channel blockers - veraprimil, diltiazem

Question 11

Other antiarrythmic drugs?

Answer 11

Adenosine - adenosine receptor agonists

Digoxin - sodium, postassium ATPase inhibitors

Question 12

What drugs can you not give in pregnancy?

Answer 12

ACE inhibitiors

Question 13

Digotoxin used for?

Answer 13

Heart failure / NO EFFECT ON BP

Question 14

Vasodilators do what?

Answer 14

Relaxes smooth muscle

Question 15

Loop diuretics?

Answer 15

Remove excess fluid and salt - heart failure

Furosemide

Question 16

Thazilde diuretics?

Answer 16

High BP

hydrochlorothiazide and indapamide.

Question 17

Ticagrelor?

Answer 17

Antiplatelet med
Aspirin another example of this

Question 18

Warfarin?

Answer 18

Anticoagulant

Other examples; herparin, DOACs (-ban)

Question 19

Action potentials of cardiac muscles?

Answer 19

Sure! Here’s a brief summary:

Cardiac action potentials vary by cell type:
• Pacemaker cells (e.g., SA node): Have a spontaneous, slow depolarization due to Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ influx. They control heart rhythm and lack a true resting potential.
• Contractile cells (e.g., ventricular muscle): Have a fast depolarization (Na⁺ influx), a plateau phase (Ca²⁺ influx balances K⁺ efflux), and repolarization (K⁺ efflux). This allows strong, coordinated contractions and prevents arrhythmias