Cardio Spot test

Question 1

List the classes for anti-arrthymic drugs

Answer 1

Class I

• Procaimnimide
• Lidocaine
• Flecanide

Class II
- Beta blockers

Class III
- Amiodarone

Class IV
- Verapamil

Question 2

What are Roth spots

Answer 2

Retinal haemomorrages

Immune complex deposits

Question 3

Complications of Padget’s disease of the bone

Answer 3

Bone pain 
Path # fractures 
Sensineural deafness
Spinal cord compression 
High output cardiac failure 
Osteosarcoma

Question 4

Outline the features seen in DiGeorge’s syndrome

Answer 4

Cardiac abnormalties
Abnormal facies
Thymic hypoplasia
Hypocalcaemia

Deletion of chrome 22q11:20

Question 5

Complication of infective endocarditis

Answer 5

Cardiac failure 
Aortic root abscess
 Haemolytic anaemia 
Life sided valves 
Right sides valve disease 
Renal failure

Question 6

Outline the changes seen on ECG in the acute and chronic stages post MI

Answer 6

Acute

• Hyperacute T waves
• ST elevation

Chronic

• T wave inversion
• Pathological Q waves

Question 7

Signs of pulmonary oedema

Answer 7

Increased RR
Increased HR 
Increased JVP 
Gallop rhythm 
Cyanosis 
Tactile vocal frematis

Question 8

Absolute contraindication for thrombolysis

Answer 8

Internal bleeding
Acute pancreatitis
Severe liver disease
Severe HTN

Question 9

Initial drug treatment in a NSTEMI

Answer 9

Aspirin (loading dose of 300mg)
Antithrombin (fondaparinux if no angio for 24hrs)
Low molecular weight herparin if angio <24hrs
Ticagrelor ( in combo with aspirin for 12 months)

Question 10

Side effects of amiodarone

Answer 10

Progressive pulmonary fibrosis 
Liver function abnormalities 
Skin discolouration, sensitive to UV light 
Thyroid dysfunction 
Peripheral neuropathy

Question 11

Causes of giant A waves

Answer 11

Constrictive pericarditis
Pul HTN
Thyrotoxicosis
Tricuspid stenosis