Cardio Term 2

Question 1

What is the onset action of heparin ?

Answer 1

Rapid , injection

Question 2

What is the onset action of Coumadin (Warfarin )?

Answer 2

12-24hrs,given by mouth

Question 2

What is the antidote/ reversal agent of heparin ?

Answer 2

Prodamine sulfate 1%

Question 3

What is the antidote / reversal agent of Coumadin(warfarin) ?

Answer 3

Vitamin k

Question 4

What are thrombolytics?

Answer 4

Clot busters
Dissolve blood lots
Anything that end in ASE
eg:streptokinase

Question 5

What is cardiac glycoside ?

Answer 5

Increase contractility of the heart to decrease the rate

A POSITIVE INOTROPIC ACTION

Question 6

Cardio glycoside med ? Digoxin is given for what

Answer 6

CHF
ARRYTHMIAS
A/fib

Question 7

What are the parameter for holding digoxin , for adult , children and kids

Answer 7

Adults less 60
Children less than 70
Infant less than 90
If adult is great than 100 report to MD

Question 8

What do you do before giving DIGOXIN?

Answer 8

Check apical pulse for 1 min

Left mid clavecular 5th intercostal space

Question 9

Which coronary vasodilar is administered by inhalation ?

Answer 9

Amyl nitrate

Question 10

What are signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity ?

Answer 10

Digoxin has a narrow window of effectiveness
Remember GNC
G - GI EFFECT nausea , vomiting , diarrheal , abd pain , anorexia
N-neurological - halo (green, yellow ) headache , altered LOC , blurred vision , abnormal colors
C- cardiac effect - ARRYTHMIAS , bradycardia

Question 11

Which coronary vasodilar (nitrate )is administered by inhalation ?

Answer 11

Amyl nitrate

Question 12

If you have any signs of digoxin toxicity GNC ? What do you do ?

Answer 12

Call the doctor , hold the med

Question 14

What is the action of nitroglycerin ?

Answer 14

Coronary vasodilation of the coronary artery

Question 14

How does the nurse administer heparin ?

Answer 14

Absorb in the abdomen

Question 15

What is nitroglycerin used for ?

Answer 15

Angina - increase bloodflow to the myocardium

Question 16

How do you reduce hematoma after heparin injection ?

Answer 16

Rotate site 
Ice b4 and after 
Do not rub 
Apply pressure for 10 sec 
Cleanse area before injection

Question 17

Why is heparin not given orally ?

Answer 17

Because it destroys stomach acid

Question 18

To enhance absorption when should Antilipedimic drugs be given ?

Answer 18

At night
Between 12am-3am
It absorbs quicker

Question 19

What are anticoagulant ?

Answer 19

Prevent clot or clot continuation

Question 20

What are side effects of anticoagulant ?

Answer 20

Bleeding 
Gum bleed 
Blood in stool 
Hematuria 
Petechia 
Vomit blood 
 Patient must use electric shaver and soft toothbrush

Question 21

which patient need to take antibiotics before dental work ?

Answer 21

patient undergoing and invasive procedure
like a carditis - endocarditis
mechanical valve

Question 22

how is nitroglycerin given ?

Answer 22

sublingual - make sure pt is not walking around with it in mouth

Question 23

what is the most common reason patients stop talking their hypertensive med ?

Answer 23

because they feel better
and they feel better because they were taking their meds
let the patient know they have to keep taking them

Question 24

how often is nitroglycerin given , if the patient still have chest pain (angina )

Answer 24

3times , 5 minutes apart | if it continue go to emergency

Question 25

what are side effects of nitroglycerin ?

Answer 25

headache | and othrostatic hypotention or postural hoypotention - because of lower blood pressure - make sure patient get up slowly

Question 26

how should nitro be stored/applied ?

Answer 26

dark air tight container , in the refridgerator get new nitro every 3 months ........applied with gloves to prevent from getting a headache also l

Question 27

different types of nitrate ? (coronary vasodialators )

Answer 27

isosorbide dinitrate | amyl nitrate

Question 28

if the patient have a headache from nitroglycerin< what can you give them

Answer 28

Tylenol

Question 29

how does the sublingual nitroglycerin tab feel ?

Answer 29

tingling

Question 30

anti hypertensive meds

Answer 30

THE ABC A-ace inhibitors - end in pril - angiotensin b-beta blockers - end in lol c-calcium channel blockers -pine ...norvast d -diuretics

Question 31

what are beta and channel blockers also used for ?

Answer 31

arrythemias , apical pulse especially for these too anti hypertensive meds - because they decrease your heart rate and b/p and check parameter -right before the pt take the med -check yourself

Question 32

what need to be checked before a anti- hypentensive med is given ?

Answer 32

blood pressure and apical pulse

Question 33

what is Lasix (furosemide )

Answer 33

loop diuretic - end in mide

Question 34

when are Lasix given

Answer 34

in the morning before 10am

Question 35

what do you monitor for when giving Lasix ( loop diuretics )

Answer 35

hypokalemia (muscle weakness , dehydration -intake and output electrolyte loss

Question 36

what is Lasix given for

Answer 36

CHF ,B/P,pulmonary edema

Question 37

What labs are done for Coumadin ?

Answer 37

PT (Prothothobinine ) & INR (internationation ratio )

Question 38

what are the labs used heparin

Answer 38

PTT or APTT

Question 39

What drugs are used to lower cholesterol ?

Answer 39

antilipedic common class STATINS (Lipitor ) ---HMGCOA Block production of cholesterol

Question 40

if your are taking anticoagulant should you take aspirin ?

Answer 40

no because its another blood thinner

Question 41

what are 2 major side affects of antilipidemic (cholesterol )

Answer 41

can be toxic to the liver - so monitor the liver function test rhabdomylysis - muscle pain , can cause kidney failure

Question 42

anti lipidemic (niacin ) vitamin B causes what

Answer 42

flushed feeling right after its taken, redness , ichiching , tingling

Question 43

(fibrates ) release production of cholesterol

Answer 43

gemfibrsol | fenofibate

Question 44

antilipedemic Binding agent

Answer 44

bind bile in the intestine -G I effects -cholesteryramine

Question 45

Antihypertensive

Answer 45

peripheral vasodialtors | causes headache

Question 46

What thrombolytics dissolve bloodclot ?

Answer 46

Streptokinase

Question 47

What is the most common side effect of digoxin ?

Answer 47

bradycardia

Question 48

Angiotensin / ace inhibitor - effects

Answer 48

Let's out renin and you let fluid go