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Buzzword > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Decreased femoral pulses in infant

A

Coarctation of Aorta

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2
Q

Kussmaul’s Sign (Also define)

A

Increased JVP during inspiration- Constrictive Pericarditis

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3
Q

Pain changing w/ position or respiration?

A

Pericarditis

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4
Q

Chest discomfort

A

Angina

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5
Q

Tearing pain radiating to back

A

Aortic Dissection

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6
Q

Chest pain last for several hours

A

MI

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7
Q

Severity of dyspnea based on the amount of activity that precipitates it

A

Heart Failure

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8
Q

Severity of dyspnea based on how many pillows they sleep on at night

A

orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

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9
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus (Also define)

A

> 10 mmhg drop in SBP with inspiration- cardiac tamponade

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10
Q

Localized crackles

A

PNA and Consolidation

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11
Q

Chest pain aggravated by coughing and relieved by sitting

A

Pericarditis

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12
Q

Pain in calf w/ ambulation?

A

DVT

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13
Q

Dull aching heaviness in legs upon periods of standing

A

Varicosities

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14
Q

Brownish pigmentation above the ankle

A

Chronic venous insufficiency

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15
Q

Wide pulse pressure

A

Aortic insufficiency or hyperthyroidism

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16
Q

Narrow pulse pressure

A

Cardiac tamponade

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17
Q

Distended neck veins and clammy skin

A

Pericardial tamponade

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18
Q

ST elevation in V5 and V6

A

Left lateral ventricular wall

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19
Q

ST elevations in leads 2, 3, and avF

A

Inferior wall

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20
Q

Inferior wall is supplied by

A

Right coronary artery

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21
Q

ST elevations in leads V1-V3

A

Interventricular septum

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22
Q

Interventricular septum supplied by

A

left anterior descending coronary artery

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23
Q

Lateral wall of left ventricle supplied by

A

left circumflex coronary artery

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24
Q

Diagnosis of mural thrombi in a fib patient

A

Transesophageal ECHO

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25
hx of DM w/ pain radiating from the right buttock to the calf that is worse with walking and climbing stairs.
vascular occlusive disease
26
Vascular occlusive disease diagnosed w/
arterial duplex scanning
27
Non invasive test to detect coronary artery disease
Stress testing and cardiac nuclear scanning
28
Non invasive test for continuous monitoring of electrical activity of the heart
holter monitoring
29
Invasive procedure to assesses coronary artery disease
cardiac catheterization
30
What test is used is used to monitor effects of Coumadin
PT-INR
31
what test is used to monitor heparin effectiveness
PTT
32
what test is used to assess platelet dysfunction
Platelet aggregation
33
Test to assess platelet function?
Bleeding time
34
Edema, hepatic congestion, ascites, cough, fatigue
Right ventricular failure
35
Loss of popliteal and dorsals pedis
Arterial thrombosis
36
diastolic reading greater than 140 w/ target organ damage
malignant HTN
37
CP does not resolve
Acute MI
38
Pain at rest
Prinzmetal
39
CP relieved w/ rest and usually resolves within 10 mins
Stable angine
40
CP precipitated by less effort than before or occurs at rest
Unstable angina
41
Dyspnea w/ CP
PE
42
Diastolic murmur w/ variations in BP between right and left arm
Aortic dissection
43
short PR interval, widened QRS and delta waves
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
44
Retrograde P wave
PSVT`
45
Irregularly, irregular rhythm with no definable P waves
Atrial fibrillation
46
Irregularly irregular rhythm w/ varying PR interval and various P wave morphologies
multifocal atrial tachycardia
47
Ventricular rate 40-60 min bc of depressed sinus node function
Artioventricular junctional rhythm
48
Wide QRS at rate less than 50 min and blocked atrial pulses
third degree heart block
49
Which medication decreases left ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling to allow greater EF after MI?
ACE Inhibitor (-pril)
50
Which pts should get prophylactic antibiotics prior to dental cleaning?
- prosthetic heart valve - valve repair with prosthetic material - unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart dz including palliative shunts - hx of IE
51
Prophylactic abx for dental procedure w/ hx of IE
Amoxicillin 60 mins prior to procedure
52
Women over 35 smoking and on oral contraceptives at risk for?
Venous thrombosis
53
Pressure overload on incompetent veins
Varicose veins
54
Smoking at risk for?
atheroscelerosis
55
decreased rate and loss of P waves on EKG
Sick sinus syndrome
56
complication within 72 hrs of infarction w/ no ECG changes just hemodynamically unstable mainly in Q wave transmural and lateral wall infarctions
Free wall ruptures
57
Elevated BNP means?
Increased pressure in left ventricle during diastole and lv being stretched when pt has chf
58
management for acute STEMI
coronary artery revascularization
59
Decreases morbidity and mortality from acute MI
lidocaine
60
pain control for MI
nitrates
61
overdrive pacer
Torsades
62
DC cardiovert
unstable ventricular tachycardia
63
Adenosine
PSVT
64
antiarrhythmic associated with hyper or hypothyroidism following long term use
amiodarone
65
hypertensive emergency drug with potential for cyanide toxicity
sodium nitroprusside
66
contraindication in beta blockade following acute MI
2nd and 3rd degree AV block
67
pt on statin starts clarithromycin, what could happen?
prolonged QT interval, myopathy, rhabdo
68
primarily blocks beta 1 receptors
Metoprolol
69
Non selectoive beta blockers
Propanolol and timolol
70
partial agonist activity
pindolol
71
Na+ channel blockers
Class 1
72
K+ channel blockers
Class 3 anti-arrhythmic
73
beta adrenoreceptor blocker
class 2 anti-arrhythmic
74
Ca++ channel blockers
Class 4 anti-arrhythmics
75
rapid ventricular filling during early diastole
s3 gallop
76
atrial contraction against a noncompliant ventricle
s4 gallop
77
vibration of a partially closed mitral valve during mid to late diastole
Austin-flint murmur of aortic regurgitation
78
closure of mitral valve leaflets during systole
s1 heart sounds
79
mechanism responsible for retinal hemmorhaes and neurological complications in IE
systemic arterial embolization of vegetations
80
mechanism for n/v, weakness, and sinus brady in inferior wall MI
increased vagal tone
81
mcc of secondary htn
renal parenchymal dz
82
first line for prinzmetal angina
CCB
83
avoid what in prinzmetal angina
beta blockers
84
first line htn med in diabetics
Ace inhibitors (Lisinopril)
85
when to add beta blocker/diuretic for htn regimen in diabetic
when ace inhibitor is ineffective on its own
86
cardiac end organ damage due to HTN EKG finding
LV hypertrophy
87
delay in RV caused by RV hypertrophy or conditions with higher pulmonic resistance such as for pulmonale
RBBB
88
fixed split S2
atrial septal defect
89
increased pulse pressure
aortic regurgitation
90
continuous mechanical murmurs
patent ductus arteriosus
91
difference in bp between left and right arms
coarctation of aorta

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