Cardiology

Question 1

Loop diuretics (they act on the thick part of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle)

Answer 1

Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide

Question 2

Thiazides (they act at the distal tubule, blocking reaborption of 3-5% of Na+)

Answer 2

(Diuretics)

HCTZ

Question 3

K+ sparing Diuretics (they act at DCT and collecting duct)

Answer 3

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

Question 4

Digoxin (digitalis)

Answer 4

(Inotropic)

Cardiac glycoside. Inotropic (HFrEF), supraventricular arrhythmia.

Question 5

Sympathetomimetic amines (beta-adrenergic agonists)

Answer 5

Dopamine, Dobutamine, Isoproterenol, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

Question 6

Phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor (second line Heart Failure Tx)

Answer 6

(Inotropic)

Milrinone

Question 7

ADH-Vasopressin (IV)

Answer 7

Used for Peripheral vasoconstriction in vasodilatory shock.

Question 8

ACE inhibitors

Answer 8

(Vasodilatory)
‘ - pril’
Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril, Ramipril, Trandolapril

Question 9

ARB (Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker)

Answer 9

(Vasodilatory)
‘ - artan’
Losartan, Candesartan, Valsartan

Question 10

Calcium-ion channel blocker

Answer 10

(Vasodilatory)
Verapamil
Dilitazem
Dihydropyridines (Nefidipine, Amlodipine, Felodipine)

Question 11

Direct-Acting Vasodilators

Answer 11

Hydralazine
Minoxidil
Sodium nitroprusside
Fenoldopam

Question 12

Organic Nitrates

Answer 12

(Vasodilatory)

Nitroglycerin

Question 13

Natriuretic peptides

Answer 13

(Vasodilatory)

Nesiritide (synthetic BNP)

Question 14

Phosphodiesterase - 5 inhibitor

Answer 14

(Vasodilatory)

Sildenafil

Question 15

Alpha-1-adrenergic receptor antagonist (alpha blocker)

Answer 15

Prazosin
Terazosin
Doxazosin
Phentolamine
Phenoxybenzamine

Question 16

Alpha-2 agonists

Answer 16

Clonidine, Guanabenz, Alpha-methyldopa

Question 17

Beta-blocker

Answer 17

Carvedilol, Metoprolol, Atenolol, Esmolol, Labetolol

Question 18

Procainamide and Quinidine

Answer 18

Class IA (fast Na+ channel blockers) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 19

Lidocaine, Mexiletine

Answer 19

Class IB (fast Na+ channel blockers) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 20

Propafenone, Flecainide

Answer 20

Class IC (fast Na+ channel blockers) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 21

Class II Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs?

Answer 21

Beta-blockers (metoprolol, Esmolol, Propanolol)

Question 22

Amiodarone

Answer 22

Class III (K+ channel blocker) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 23

Sotalol

Answer 23

Class III (K+ channel blocker) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 24

Dofetilide

Answer 24

Class III (K+ channel blocker) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 25

Ibutilide

Answer 25

Class III (K+ channel blocker) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 26

Dronedarone

Answer 26

Class III (K+ channel blocker) Anti-Arrhythmic

Question 27

Class IV Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs?

Answer 27

Calcium channel blockers (non-dihydropiridine): Dilitazem, Verapamil

Question 28

Class III Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs?

Answer 28

K+ Channel blockers: Amiodarone, Sotalol, Ibutilide, Dofetilide, Dronedarone.

Question 29

Aspirin (COX inhibitor)

Answer 29

Anti-platelet drug

Question 30

Dipyridamole

Answer 30

Anti-platelet drug

Question 31

ADP receptor inhibitors

Answer 31

``` (Anti-platelet drug) Clopidogrel Prasugrel Triclopidine Ticagrelor ```

Question 32

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

Answer 32

(Anti-platelet drug) Abciximab Eptifibatide Tirofiban

Question 33

Anticoagulant drug

Answer 33

Warfarin, Heparin (UHF, LMWH - enoxaparin)

Question 34

Factor Xa inhibitor

Answer 34

Fondaparinux, Rivaroxiban, Apixaban, Edoxaban

Question 35

Direct Thrombin inhibitors

Answer 35

Dabigatran, Argatroban, Bivalirudin, Desirudin

Question 36

Thrombolytics / Fibrinolytic

Answer 36

Urokinae, Alteplase, Reteplase, Tenecteplase

Question 37

What vasodilatory drug causes lupus-like syndrome as a side effect ?

Answer 37

Hydralazine (direct acting arteriolar vasodilator)

Question 38

What vasodilatory drug causes CNS effects (blurred vision, nausea, as a side effect ?

Answer 38

Sodium nitroprusside (vasodilator)

Question 39

What vasodilatory drug causes peripheral edema as a side effect ?

Answer 39

Calcium channel blockers (mainly act on venous system)

Question 40

Which drugs are used to treat PHEochromocytoma (cathecholamine secreting tumor) ?

Answer 40

PHEnoxybenzamine, PHEntolamine (Alpha blockers)