Cardiology

Question 1

Opening Snap

Answer 1

Mitral Stenosis

Question 2

Mid-Systolic Click

Answer 2

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 3

Pulsus Tardus

Answer 3

Aortic Stenosis

Question 4

Pulsus Paradoxus

Answer 4

Cardiac Tamponade, SVC obs, Pulm obs

Question 5

Canon ‘a’ waves

Answer 5

Complete Heart Block, VTach

Question 6

Large ‘a’ waves

Answer 6

Tricuspid Stenosis, Pulmonic Stenosis, RVH

Question 7

Rapid ‘x’ descent

Answer 7

Cardiac Tamponade, Constrictive Pericarditis

Question 8

Large ‘v’ waves

Answer 8

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Question 9

Rapid ‘y’ descent

Answer 9

Constrictive Pericarditis

Question 10

Rapid ‘x’ and ‘y’ descent

Answer 10

Constrictive Pericarditis

Question 11

A2 before P2

Answer 11

Physiologic Splitting of S2 (During Inspiration)

Question 12

Single S2 during expiration

Answer 12

Physiologic

Question 13

P2 before A2

Answer 13

Paradoxic Splitting of S2

Question 14

Paradoxic Splitting of S2

Answer 14

Aortic Stenosis, LBBB, HTN

Question 15

Fixed Splitting of S2

Answer 15

Atrial Septal Defect

Question 16

Calcified Aortic Stenosis

Answer 16

Single S2 with Soft A2

Question 17

Loud A2

Answer 17

HTN

Question 18

Loud P2

Answer 18

Pulmonary HTN

Question 19

Pulsus Bisferiens

Answer 19

HOCM

Question 20

Pulsus Alternans

Answer 20

Severe CHF

Question 21

Hyperkinetic Pulse

Answer 21

High Output States: PDA, Thyrotoxicosis

Question 22

Hypokinetic Pulse

Answer 22

Low Output States

Question 23

Right 2nd IC Space

Answer 23

Aortic Stenosis, Aortic Insufficiency/Regurgitation

Question 24

Left 2nd IC Space

Answer 24

Pulmonic Stenosis, Pulmonic Regurgitation, PDA

Question 25

Left 3rd IC Space

Answer 25

PDA

Question 26

Apex

Answer 26

Mitral Stenosis, Mitral Regurgitation

Question 27

Left Lower Sternal Border

Answer 27

Tricuspid Stenosis, Tricuspid Regurgitation, ASD, VSD, HOCM

Question 28

Murmurs from Outflow from Ventricles

Answer 28

Systolic Murmurs

Question 29

Holosystolic Murmur

Answer 29

Mitral Regurtitation, Tricuspid Regurgitation (AV valves)

Question 30

Mid-Systolic Murmur

Answer 30

Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic Stenosis (V Valves)

Question 31

Late-Systolic Murmur

Answer 31

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 32

Murmurs from Inflow to Ventricles

Answer 32

Diastolic Murmurs

Question 33

Mid-Diastolic Murmur

Answer 33

Mitral Stenosis, Tricuspid Stenosis (AV Valves)

Question 34

Early-Diastolic Murmur

Answer 34

Aortic Regurgitation, Pulmonic Regurgitation (V Valves)

Question 35

Continuous Murmur

Answer 35

PDA

Question 36

Normal Right Atrial Pressure

Answer 36

0-5

Question 37

Normal Right Ventricular Pressure

Answer 37

13-28/0-5

Question 38

Normal Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

Answer 38

12-28/3-13

Question 39

Normal PCWP

Answer 39

3-12

Question 40

Conditions with High PCWP

Answer 40

Left Heart Disease (MS, MR, AS, AR, LV dysfunction such as AWMI)

Question 41

Conditions with Normal PCWP

Answer 41

Right Heart Disease (RV Infarct, PE, Pulm HTN)

Question 42

Normal PCWP, Normal PAP, High RA/RV pressures

Answer 42

RV Infarct

Question 43

High RA/RV & PAP, VERY High PCWP

Answer 43

LV Infarct

Question 44

High but Equal Pressures on Swan-Ganz

Answer 44

Cardiac Tamponade