Cardiology Flashcards
(29 cards)
Which gets worse in williams syndrome
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
Peripheral pulmonary stenosis improves
Williams syndrome associations
Hypercalcemia Hypothyroid Lens issues Renal artery stenosis Cardiac
Willaims cardiac association
Supra aortic stenosis
Coronary ostium stenosis
Peripheral pulm stenosis
Vcfs
Need irradiated blood
Vcfs
Need irradiated blood
Cardiac anomalies in alagile
Peripheral pulm stenosis
- loudest in the bases
- worsens with time
If looks like marfan, but has bifid uvula
Lewis deets
- tolerate aortic root dilation less well
Ehlers danlos
Aortic root dilation
Mitral valve prolapse
Ebstein associated with which teratogen
Lithium
Rubenstein taby
Broad thumb
Asd vsd
Limb abnormalities
T waves in v1
Inverted between day 4 and 4 years old
If they look like they have ASD with partial RBBB but with left axis deviation
ASD primum
P pulmonale
Right atrial hypertrophy/dilation
Tall p wave >3mm
P mitrale
S shaped p wave in v1
Bifid and prolonged p wave in II (>2.5 small boxes).
Left atrial dilation/hypertrophy
Causes of left axis deviation
Volume overload eg big vsd LBBB Left anterior hemiblock - tricuspid atresia - congenitally repaired TGA - AV canal defect
Pathological q waves
More than 7mm deep (deep is ventricular hypertrophy)
More than 1small box wide (deep and wide is infarction)
In v1 (except occasionally newborns, severe RVH)
Ecg CHECK THE SCALE
First box limb leads
Second box chest leads
10mm/mV
25 mm/s
Definition of RVH
R wave in v1 >20mm (25mm in neonates)
Or S wave in v6 >7mm
Or upright T wave in v1 between day 4 and 4yo
Severe
- re-inverted t wave in v1
- st depression in v1
- small q wave in v1
Definition of LVH
R in v6 +
S in v1
> 35mm
Severe
- t wave inversion in v6
- ST depression in v6
Qtc
Qt / square root of R-R interval
Less than 0.45 (males) 0.47 (females)
Measure in lead II and v5 (Not in v2-4)
St segment
1mm is normal
2mm is normal in v2-4
Wenkebach
Gradually lengthening of pr interval until beat is dropped
Benign
Ecg findings in pericarditis
PR depression and ST elevation
Normal pr interval
Less than 3 to 5 small boxes (120- 200)
