Cardiology Meds

Question 1

___ decreases HR by suppressing SA node & AV node activity

Answer 1

Adenosine

Question 2

Indications for adenosine

Answer 2

Narrow complex, unifocal tachycardias (SVT/PSVT/PAT)

Question 3

Adenosine dosage

Answer 3

6 mg, if no change after 1-2 minutes follow with 12 mg

Question 4

___ slows HR by altering impulses through conduction pathways; indicated in VT/VF/A fib/A flutter

Answer 4

Amiodarone

Question 5

Pulseless VT/VF dose for Amiodarone

Answer 5

300 mg IV push, if no change after 3-5 minutes repeat at 150 mg IV

Question 6

Amiodarone dose for VT w/ pulse

Answer 6

150 mg infused over 10 minutes, may repeat once

Question 7

Indicated in symptomatic bradycardias

Answer 7

Atropine sulfate

Question 8

Atropine dosage for symptomatic bradycardia

Answer 8

1 mg IV, repeat after 3-5 minutes if no response; max dose 3 mg

Question 9

Atropine works by ___

Answer 9

inhibiting vagus nerve stimulation to Increase SA node automaticity

Question 10

Atropine is contraindicated in ___

Answer 10

Pregnancy, 2nd & 3rd degree AV blocks

Question 11

___ is indicated in PTs with narrow complex tachycardias with rapid ventricular response

Answer 11

Calcium channel blockers (diltiazem, verapimil)

Question 12

Mechanism of action for diltiazem (calcium channel blockers)

Answer 12

Decreasing HR by slowing conduction through the AV node & lengthening refractory periods

Question 13

Dosage for diltiazem

Answer 13

Initial dose: 0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes;
repeat after 15 minutes at 0.35 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes

Question 14

Adenosine is contraindicated in PTs with:

Answer 14

Unpaced 2nd & 3rd degree blocks, Afib, a flutter, WPW syndrome

Question 15

___ increases rate and force of cardiac contractions to increase coronary & cerebral blood flow

Answer 15

Epinephrine

Question 16

___ works by DECREASING automaticity to help decrease ventricular dysrhythmias

Answer 16

Lidocaine

Question 17

If Amiodarone is unavailable, Lidocaine is an alternative treatment for ___

Answer 17

PVCs, VT, pulseless VT, or VF

Question 18

Lidocaine dose for cardiac arrest

Answer 18

1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO
Repeat at 5-10 minute intervals @ 0.5-0.75 mg/kg

Question 19

Max total dose for lidocaine in cardiac arrest

Answer 19

3.0 mg/kg

Question 20

Lidocaine infusion rate for ROSC

Answer 20

1-4 mg/min

Question 21

Cardiac Indication for magnesium sulfate

Answer 21

Cardiac arrest attributed to torsades de pointes or hypomagnesemia; torsades de pointes with a pulse

Question 22

Cardiac arrest dose for magnesium sulfate

Answer 22

1-2 grams diluted in 10cc saline, given over 5-20 minutes IV/IO

Question 23

___ is used to suppress ventricular or atrial ectopy in order to control a variety or dysrhythmias (SVT or wide complex tachycardia)

Answer 23

Procainamide

Question 24

Procainamide is a ___ channel blocker

Answer 24

Sodium

Question 25

Dosage for Procainamide

Answer 25

20 mg/min IV

Question 26

Situations that would necessitate ceasing Procainamide therapy

Answer 26

Dysrhythmia is suppressed PT becomes hypotensive QRS widens by 50% or more Max dose of 17 mg/kg is reached

Question 27

Procainamide may cause ___ if administered too quickly

Answer 27

Hypotension

Question 28

Brand name for clopidogrel

Answer 28

Plavix

Question 29

___ reduces the need for oxygen in the myocardium

Answer 29

Morphine sulfate

Question 30

Narcotic analgesic that provides relief for severe chest pain

Answer 30

Morphine

Question 31

Morphine dose for MI chest pain/STEMI

Answer 31

2-4 mg slow IV Repeat every 5-15 minute @ 2-8 mg slow IV as needed

Question 32

Morphine dose for non ST elevation ACS chest pain

Answer 32

1-5 mg slow IV, ONLY IF NITRATES DO NOT RELIEVE SYMPTOMS, OR IF SYMPTOMS RETURN

Question 33

Narcotic analgesic used to reduce the need for oxygen in the myocardium

Answer 33

Morphine

Question 34

STEMI dose for morphine sulfate

Answer 34

2-4 mg slow IV May be repeated every 5-15 minutes as needed @ 2-8 mg

Question 35

Morphine dose for non-ST elevation ACS

Answer 35

1-5 mg slow IV only if nitrates do not relieve ACS symptoms, or if symptoms return

Question 36

___ increases myocardial contractility (cardiac med)

Answer 36

Calcium chloride & dopamine

Question 37

Calcium chloride should not be given through the same line as ___

Answer 37

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 38

Drug of choice for hypotension w/ S&S of shock and symptomatic bradycardia

Answer 38

Dopamine

Question 39

Dopamine works to increase CO by:

Answer 39

improving myocardial contractility

Question 40

Dopamine works to increase BP by:

Answer 40

Constricting peripheral arteries & veins

Question 41

___ relaxes smooth muscle and raises glucose levels

Answer 41

Glucagon

Question 42

Indications for glucagon

Answer 42

beta blocker or Calcium channel blocker overdose; hypoglycemia

Question 43

Drug of choice for acute & severe non-hypovolemic hypotension

Answer 43

Norepinephrine (Levophed)

Question 44

Norepinephrine dosage

Answer 44

0.1-0.5 mcg/kg/min IV infusion

Question 45

Norepinephrine mechanism of action

Answer 45

Constricts blood vessels to raise BP, HR, and rate/force of cardiac contractions

Question 46

Reduces acidosis

Answer 46

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 47

Used to counteract hyperkalemia & acidosis in cardiac arrest

Answer 47

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 48

Dosage for sodium bicarbonate

Answer 48

1 mE/kg, preceded and followed by 20cc NS flush

Question 49

Class 1 antiarrhythmics work in the ___

Answer 49

Ventricles

Question 50

Class 1 antiarrhythmics work by blocking ___ channels

Answer 50

Sodium

Question 51

Clas 2 antiarrhythmics act on ___ to slow HR and decrease contractility

Answer 51

Beta-1 receptors

Question 52

Class 3 antiarrhythmics work mainly by blocking ___ responsible for phase 3 repolarization

Answer 52

Potassium

Question 53

Procainamide, quinidine, and lidocaine are all examples of class __ antiarrhythmics

Answer 53

1

Question 54

Metoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, are all examples of class ____ antiarrhythmics

Answer 54

2

Question 55

Closing calcium channels during depolarization is how class 4 antiarrhythmics cause ___ and ___

Answer 55

Slowed conduction & decreased automaticity

Question 56

___ is indicated in acute SVT

Answer 56

Adenosine

Question 57

___ plays an important role in transport of sodium, potassium, and calcium across cell membranes

Answer 57

Magnesium

Question 58

Magnesium is the antiarrhythmic of choice for ___

Answer 58

Torsades de pointes

Question 59

Unstable SVT/VT with Narrow complexes would indicate administration of ___

Answer 59

Adenosine

Question 60

Treatments indicated in stable, WIDE complex, monomorphic SVT/VT

Answer 60

IV access, EKG, adenosine 6 mg; consider antiarrhythmics (lidocaine, Amiodarone, Sotalol

Question 61

Stable, NARROW complex SVT/VT would indicate what treatment(s)?

Answer 61

IV, EKG, vagal maneuvers

Question 62

Inferior infarctions (ST changes in leads II, III, & aVF) are caused by occlusion of the ___

Answer 62

RCA

Question 63

Lateral infarctions (ST changes in lead I, aVL, v5 &v6) indicates infarction caused by occlusion of the ___

Answer 63

Circumflex artery

Question 64

Septal or anterior infarction (ST changes in lead I and v1-v4) is caused by occlusion of the ___

Answer 64

LAD

Question 65

If Amiodarone is unavailable, administer:

Answer 65

Lidocaine

Question 66

Lidocaine dose for cardiac arrest:

Answer 66

Initial dose: 1-1.5 mg/kg Repeat doses: 0.5-0.75 mg/kg