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pharmacology exam 2 > CARDIOLOGY MEDS > Flashcards

CARDIOLOGY MEDS Flashcards

MEMORIZE

1
Q

BENAZEPRIL

A 
-pril suffix
ace inhibitor
duration 12-24 hrs
HTN, HF, POST MI, CKD
Side Effects: hypotension, cough, angioedema, ^creatinine, AKI, hyperkalemia
Contra: Teratogenic, AKI
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2
Q

CAPTOPRIL

A

-pril suffix
ace inhibitor
duration 6-12 hrs, TID dosing
used in HTN emergencies

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3
Q

ENALAPRIL

A

-pril suffix
ace inhibitor
oral, prodrug

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4
Q

ENALAPRILAT

A

ace inhibitor
IV, active metabolite
HTN emergencies

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5
Q

LISINOPRIL

A 
-pril suffix
ace inhibitor
10-40 mg PO qd
duration 12-24 hrs
HTN, HF, POST MI, CKD
Side Effects: hypotension, cough, angioedema, ^creatinine, AKI, hyperkalemia
Contra: Teratogenic, AKI
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6
Q

quinapril

A 
-pril suffix
ace inhibitor
duration 12-24 hrs
HTN, HF, POST MI, CKD
Side Effects: hypotension, cough, angioedema, ^creatinine, AKI, hyperkalemia
Contra: Teratogenic, AKI
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7
Q

Ramipril

A 
-pril suffix
ace inhibitor
duration 12-24 hrs
HTN, HF, POST MI, CKD
Side Effects: hypotension, cough, angioedema, ^creatinine, AKI, hyperkalemia
Contra: Teratogenic, AKI
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8
Q

azilsartan

highest affinity

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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9
Q

Candesartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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10
Q

olmesartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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11
Q

Irbesartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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12
Q

Eprosartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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13
Q

Telmisartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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14
Q

Telmisartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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15
Q

Valsartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
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16
Q

Losartan

A 
-sartan
ARBS
For: HTN, HF, CKD
Contra: teratogenic, less effective AA, good for pts who can't handle ACEi
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
NO COUGH
LOWER INCIDENCE ANGIOEDEMA
DON'T USE ACEi and ARBS together
17
Q

Aliskiren

A 
Direct Renin Inhibitor
For: HTN
Contra: pregnancy
side effects: diarrhea, angioedema
DON'T USE W/ ACEi and ARBS
Weak compared to ACEi and ARBS
Half life is 40 hrs
18
Q

Verapamil

A 
CCB
Non-DHP: bind to SA, AV nodes, myocytes
For: Arrhythmias, Angina, HTN
Side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, flushing, constipation
Contra: AV block, HFrEF
Antidote: glucagon & IV Calcium
19
Q

diltiazem

A 
CCB
Non-DHP: bind to SA, AV nodes, myocytes
For: Arrhythmias, Angina, HTN
Side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, flushing, constipation
Contra: AV block, HFrEF
20
Q

Amlodipine

A 
-dipine suffix
CCP
DHP: binds to vascular SM of arteries/arterioles
5-10 mg PO qd
slow onset for decreased reflex tachy
for: prinzmetal's angina, HTN
side effects: hypotension, dizziness, HA, flushing, reflex tachy. 
Antidote: vasopressors to increase HR
21
Q

Nicardipine

A

-dipine suffix
CCP
DHP: binds to vascular SM of arteries/arterioles
slow onset for decreased reflex tachy
for: prinzmetal’s angina, HTN
side effects: hypotension, dizziness, HA, flushing, reflex tachy.
Antidote: vasopressors to increase HR

22
Q

Nifedipine

A 
-dipine suffix
CCP
Quick onset
DHP: binds to vascular SM of arteries/arterioles
slow onset for decreased reflex tachy
for: prinzmetal's angina, HTN
side effects: hypotension, dizziness, HA, flushing, reflex tachy. 
Antidote: vasopressors to increase HR
23
Q

Nimodipine

A

-dipine suffix
CCP
Highly lipophilic/crosses BBB
DHP: binds to vascular SM of arteries/arterioles
for: intercranial hemorrhage
side effects: hypotension, dizziness, HA, flushing, reflex tachy.
Antidote: vasopressors to increase HR

24
Q

Clevdipine

A

-dipine suffix
CCP
DHP: binds to vascular SM of arteries/arterioles
for: intercranial hemorrhage
side effects: hypotension, dizziness, HA, flushing, reflex tachy.
Antidote: vasopressors to increase HR

25
Q

felodipine

A

-dipine suffix
CCP
DHP: binds to vascular SM of arteries/arterioles
for: intercranial hemorrhage
side effects: hypotension, dizziness, HA, flushing, reflex tachy.
Antidote: vasopressors to increase HR

26
Q

acebutolol

A

-olol suffix
selective beta blocker: B1
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HF, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
Side effects: dizziness, brady, fatigue, impotence, CNS effects
Contra: reduced CO HF, brady, 2nd degree heart block
start low & slow
not under 60 bpm
up regulates receptors, don’t stop meds suddenly
partial agonist

27
Q

atenolol

A

-olol suffix
selective beta blocker: B1
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
Side effects: dizziness, brady, fatigue, impotence, CNS effects
Contra: reduced CO HF, brady, 2nd degree heart block
start low & slow
not under 60 bpm
up regulates receptors, don’t stop meds suddenly

28
Q

esmolol

A

-olol suffix
selective beta blocker: B1
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
ide effects: dizziness, brady, fatigue, impotence, CNS effects
Contra: reduced CO HF, brady, 2nd degree heart block
start low & slow
not under 60 bpm
up regulates receptors, don’t stop meds suddenly
IV: HTN emergencies

29
Q

Metoprolol tartrate

A

-olol suffix
selective beta blocker: B1
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attack
side effects: dizziness, brady, fatigue, impotence, CNS effects
Contra: reduced CO HF, brady, 2nd degree heart block
immediate release/BID
not under 60 bpm
up regulates receptors, don’t stop meds suddenly

30
Q

Metoprolol succinate

A

-olol suffix
selective beta blocker: B1
For: chronic HF
Side effects: dizziness, brady, fatigue, impotence, CNS effects
Contra: reduced CO HF, brady, 2nd degree heart block
extended release/qd
not under 60 bpm
up regulates receptors, don’t stop meds suddenly

31
Q

Carvedilol

A

non-selective beta blocker: b1, b2, a1 antagonist
For: Chronic HF
side effects: bronchoconstriction, reduced output glucose from liver, orthostatic hypotension»>syncope
Contra: asthma, COPD, pts prone to hypoglycemia, blocks signs of hypoglycemia

32
Q

Labetalol

A

non-selective beta blocker: b1, b2, a1 antagonist
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HF, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
ide effects: bronchoconstriction, reduced output glucose from liver, orthostatic hypotension»>syncope
Contra: asthma, COPD, pts prone to hypoglycemia, blocks signs of hypoglycemia

33
Q

bisoprolol

A

-olol suffix
selective beta blocker: B1
For: HF
side effects: dizziness, brady, fatigue, impotence, CNS effects
Contra: reduced CO HF, brady, 2nd degree heart block
immediate release/BID
not under 60 bpm
up regulates receptors, don’t stop meds suddenly

34
Q

Propanolol

A

non-selective beta blocker: b1, b2, a1 antagonist
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HF, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
ide effects: bronchoconstriction, reduced output glucose from liver, orthostatic hypotension»>syncope
Contra: asthma, COPD, pts prone to hypoglycemia, blocks signs of hypoglycemia

35
Q

nadolol

A

non-selective beta blocker: b1, b2, a1 antagonist
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HF, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
ide effects: bronchoconstriction, reduced output glucose from liver, orthostatic hypotension»>syncope
Contra: asthma, COPD, pts prone to hypoglycemia, blocks signs of hypoglycemia

36
Q

sotalol

A

non-selective beta blocker: b1, b2, a1 antagonist
Is also a K+ channel blocker
For: tachy, arrhythmias, HF, HTN, Post MI, angina, migraine, panic attacks
ide effects: bronchoconstriction, reduced output glucose from liver, orthostatic hypotension»>syncope
Contra: asthma, COPD, pts prone to hypoglycemia, blocks signs of hypoglycemia

37
Q

prazosin

A 
-zosin suffix
alpha 1 antagonist
For: HTN, BPH
Side effects: first dose syncope, nasal congestion, relfex tachy, hypotension, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension
not as effective as other hypertensives
38
Q

terazosin

A

-zosin suffix
alpha 1 antagonist
For: HTN, BPH
Side effects: first dose syncope, nasal congestion, relfex tachy, hypotension, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension

39
Q

doxazosin

A

-zosin suffix
alpha 1 antagonist
For: HTN, BPH
Side effects: first dose syncope, nasal congestion, relfex tachy, hypotension, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension

pharmacology exam 2 (4 decks)

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