Cardiology - Murmurs

Question 1

1. What does squatting/leg-raise do to blood flow?
2. What does squatting/leg-raise do to murmurs?
3. What has the opposite effect?

Answer 1

1. Squatting/leg-raise INcreases venous return and ventricular filling
2. a. Squatting INcreases Aortic Stenosis
   b. Squatting DEcreases HCOM (asym-LVH)
3. Opposite is valsalva or standing

Question 2

1. What does INSPIRATION do to blood flow?
2. What does INSPIRATION do to murmurs?
3. What has the opposite effect?

Answer 2

1. a. Increases RV preload
   b. Decreases LV preload
2. a. R-sided increases
   b. L-sided decreases EXCEPT HCOM
3. Opposite with expiration

Question 3

1. What does HAND CLENCH do to blood flow?

2. What does HAND CLENCH do to murmurs?

Answer 3

1. Increases afterload
2. a. Increases REGURGITATION (AR and MR)
   b. Decreases aortic stenosis

Question 4

When you hear “blowing” think…

Answer 4

Aortic or Mitral Regurgitation (“blow chunks”)

Question 5

When you hear “machine-like” think…

Answer 5

Patent Ductus Arteriosis

Question 6

When you hear “obliterates S2” think…

Answer 6

Ventricular Septal Defect

Question 7

When you hear “prominent v-waves” think…

Answer 7

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Question 8

When you hear “hepatic pulsation” think…

Answer 8

Tricuspid Regurgitation