Cardiomyopathies Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is cardiomyopathy?
Loss of heart muscular contraction ability, sudden or slow
What is myocarditis?
Infection/inflammation of heart muscle
What is pericarditis?
Infection/inflammation of the pericardium….the muscle is okay
What can cardiomyopathies cause?
Severe CHF
What is dilated cardiomyopathy?
Dilation of the ventricles with thinning of the walls; reduced contractility; no effective tx
Symptoms of dilated cardiomyopathy
Dyspnea, othopnea, weakness, fatigue, ascites, edema, enlarged PMI, MR/TR regurg
Because there is no effective tx of dilated cardiomyopathy, what is treatment aimed at?
Reducing workload and increasing contractility
What are treatments for dilated cardiomyopathy?
ACE-I
BB (arrhythmias & improve diastolic fx)
Diuretic
Tranplant
Whats is hypertrophic Obstructive cardiomyopathy?
Massive hypertrophy, small left ventricle, diastolic dysfunction
Cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes
What is restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Fibrosis and infiltration of the ventricular wall due to collagen defect disease (amyloid, sarcoid, etc)
Symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy
Dyspnea, orthopnea, peripheral edema, ascites, fatigue, weaknes
Tx of restrictive cardiomyopathy
Surgery
What is Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy?
“Broken heart” syndrome
Post menopausal women
L. ventricle balloons out due to high catecholamine stress
How does Tako-tsubo present?
Similar to MI
ECG changes, elevated cardiac enzymes
What is permpartum cardiomyopathy?
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy 1-5 months after birth of child
Myocarditis
Usually viral; inflamed heart muscles and conduction system
Pathogen release toxins and then there is immunological attach of cardiac tissue
Presentation of myocarditis
Flu-like
Tachycardia
Sometime severe CHF or death
Tx of myocarditis
Reduce cardiac workload with rest
Clinical presentation of pericarditis
Sudden onset of CP improved with forward posture
Rub on LSB
EKG: Wide ST elevation of PR depression
Pericardial effusion
Tx of pericarditis
Supportive
NSAIDs and maybe steroids
What is considered high risk pericarditis
High fever, tamponade, immunocompromised, warfarin use, trauma, no response to NSAIDs, elevated troponin
