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Cardiomyopathies Flashcards

1
Q

Organic solvent that causes DCM

A

Toluene

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2
Q

Party drugs that can cause DCM

A

ETOH

Cocaine

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3
Q

Heavy metals that can cause DCM

A

Mercury
Lead
Cobalt

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4
Q

Antiretrovirals that can cause DCM (3)

A

Zidovudine
Didanosine
Zalcitabine

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5
Q

Time frame for peripartum CM

A

Last month of pregnancy to 5 mo’s after

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6
Q

Risk factors for peripartum CM

A 
Age> 30
Multiparity
AA
h/o preeclampsia or postpartum HTN
cocaine
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7
Q

Drug of choice in pregnant women instead of ACEI

A

hydralazine

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8
Q

Population at risk of Takotsubo

Percent risk of ventricular arrhythmias?

A

Postmenopausal women

15%

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9
Q

Recurrence rate for Takotsubo

A

4%

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10
Q

Bugs causing HIV focal myocarditis

A 
HIV
CMV
EBV
coxsackie
Toxoplasma
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11
Q

Inheritance pattern of muscular dystrophies.

Which is worse (Becker’s or Duchenne’s) for CM?

A

X-linked

Becker’s

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12
Q

When should you suspect anthracycline induced CM (daunorubicin)?
Risk factors

A

Dose dependent> 550mg/m2
3-12 months after.
Can occur upto 10y later
DM, HTN,

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13
Q

If high doses of daunorubicin needed,what med to give to avoid CM?

A

Dexrazoxane, ACEI, BB

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14
Q

Difference in LVEDD b/w HCM and athlete

A

HCM: LVEDD <45

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15
Q

What type of activity is OK with HCM?

A

Low level

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16
Q

3 factors making SAM worse in HOCM

A

Increased contraction
Decreased resistance (vasodilator)
Decreased volume

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17
Q

Preferred Rx in HOCM (myomectony vs. septal ablation)

A

Myomectony

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18
Q

LV wall thickness in HOCM

A

> 1.5cm

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19
Q

7 risk factors are needed to place ICD in HOCM. Not including VT/VF/SCA, what are the 5 other risk factors?

A 
Fam hx of SCD
LV thickness > 3cm
Recent unexplained syncope
NSVT
BP drop w/ exercise
20
Q

Do steroids help for myocarditis

A

NO!

21
Q

Treatment for myocarditis with reduced LV function

A

ACEI

BB

22
Q

Will you see myofiber necrosis on biopsy of myocarditis?

A

Yes

23
Q

8 common viral Pathogens causing myocarditis

A 
CMV
Coxsackie B
Hep C
Echo
Adeno
Parvovirus 
Influenza
24
Q

Which biomarkers are more sensitive in myocarditis?

A

Trops

25
Q

What do you see on MRI of myocarditis

A

Late gad

26
Q

Do you do routine bx for myocarditis?

A

No

27
Q

Rx and followuo of myocarditis

A

HF meds

Echo at 1, 6, and 12

28
Q

Giant cell myocarditis is progressive and often fatal, Rx?

A

Thymoglobulin
Corticosteroids
Calcineurin inhibitors

29
Q

Giant cell myocarditis- which immune cell?

Is biopsy high yield?

A

T cell

Yes

30
Q

Acute phase treatment of chagas HF?

A

Nitrofurtimox

31
Q

3 cardiac issues Lyme will cause

A

DCM
HB (arrhythmias)
Myocarditis

32
Q

Lyme carditis bug and treatment and serologies

A

IgM
Ceftriaxone
Bordelaise burgdorferi

33
Q

2 things to remember about lupus CM

A

Can wax and wane- treat the lupus flare

Systolic and diastolic dysfxn

34
Q

What does cardiac bx show in lupus?

A

Mononuclear cells

35
Q

Fever, rash, peripheral eos and eos on cardiac bx.

Dx and Rx?

A

Hypersensitivity Myocarditis

Remove any offending meds and give steroids

36
Q

Hoarseness, macroglossia, neuropathy, proteinuria, swallowing disorder, RUQ tenderness. Exam: JVD w/ prom x and y descent, pleural effusions, hepatomegaly, edema, KUSSMAUL’s and S3 & S4. Dx, echo, EKG, Bx findings.

A

Cardiac amyloid
Speckled appearance, LVH
low voltage
Apple green birefringence

37
Q

Management of transthyretin gene mutant cardiac amyloid

A

Family genetic testing

Live transplant

38
Q

Which amyloid has better prognosis (senile or AL)?

A

Senile

39
Q

2 studies that are high yield to diagnose amyloid

A

MRI (late gad)

Bx

40
Q

Nuclear and echo findings with cardiac sarcoid

A

Regional WMA

perfusion defect

41
Q

Do you get late gad enhancement on MRI with cardiac sarcoid?

A

Yes

42
Q

Exact treatment for cardiac sarcoid

A

Corticosteroids 1mg/kg we’d x 3 months

Low threshold for ICD

43
Q

Common secondary cause for cardiac hemochromatosis

A

Multiple transfusions

44
Q

How to diagnose cardiac hemochromatosis? Rx?

A

T2* MRI

chelation/phlebotomy

45
Q

3 chemo therapies that can cause DCM

A 
Daunoribicin
Doxorubicin
Sunitinib
Trastuzumab
Cyclophosphamide
Bleomycin

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