Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Module 14 > Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Flashcards

(42 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is cardiopulmonary arrest

A

the sudden cessation of functional ventilation and effective circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are signs of arrest (10)

A
  1. no heart sounds
  2. ECG shows asystole or arrhythmia
  3. no palpable pulse
  4. apnea or jerky, gasping breathing
  5. blood looks thick, dark and is not freely
  6. mucous membrane colour
  7. prolonged CRT
  8. no cranial nerve relfexes
  9. eye central with a dilated pupil
  10. dry cornea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are causes of arrest (9)

A
  1. myocardial hypoxia
  2. toxins: includes anethetics
  3. pH extremes
  4. electrolyte imbalances (potassium)
  5. temperature extremes
  6. hypoxmia/hypercapnia
  7. pre-existing cardiac disease
  8. acute hypotension
  9. vagal reflexes (traction on extra-ocular muscles, during enucleation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is ABCDEF

A

A = airway

B = breathing

C = circulation

D = drugs

E = electrical defibrillation/ECG

F = follow-up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the steps in assessing airway

A

check for physical obstruction

ET intubation (use narrow catheter or tracheostomy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is done during breathing resuscitation

A

IPPV with preferably 100% O2 at approx 10 breaths per minute

watch chest rise and allow adequate time for deflation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is done to assess circulation

A
  1. check pulses/heart sounds ASAP
  2. monitor these continuously
  3. maintain continuous compressions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what chest compressions are done on small dogs and narrow chested breeds

A

cardiac pump in right lateral recumbency

compress 3rd-6th intercostal space

100-120 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what compressions are done on cats and tiny dogs

A

cardiac pump

finger and thumb across heart

compress at 100-120 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what compressions are done on large, barrel chested breeds

A

thoracic pump

compress over highest point of thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the difference between cardiac pump and thoracic pump

A

cardiac: indirect compression of heart
thoracic: chest compression increase intrathoracic pressure –> increases pressure on outside of heart, lungs and great vessles –> blood to flow forward in arteries and backwards in veins (minimized by venous valves/collapse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what categories can be used to decide compression technique

A
  1. cats/dog under 15 kg
  2. dogs over 15kg except sighthound type build
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what things ensure successful external compressions (5)

A
  1. rate of 100-120 bpm
  2. table position
  3. compress approx 1/3 of thorax
  4. allow adequate time to refill
  5. change staff freq.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how are internal cardiac compressions done (6)

A
  1. rapid clip (3-6 IC spaces)
  2. in expiration, incise 5th interspace
  3. locate by using olecranon to point
  4. open pleura and pericardium
  5. milk ventricles into arteries
  6. continue ventilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when is ICC preferred

A
  1. if thorax is already open
  2. large dogs (ECC less likely to be effective)
  3. disease process mean ECC unlikely to be effective (rib fractures, pleural effusion, diaphragmatic rupture)
  4. if ECC ineffective
  5. may be suitable to enter via diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what needs to be done to ensure circulation is corrected

A

rapid IV fluids

but rapid fluids not suitable for all cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what route of drugs is best for successful resuscitaiton and why

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. central/jugular injection

peripheral injection may not reach heart (flush saline after)

18
Q

what other routes can be used for drugs

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. intracardiac if done properly (risk of myocardial damage, avoid unless open thorax)
  2. transtracheal: need high doses (min 2x of atropine or adrenaline)
  3. intraosseous: exotics
19
Q

when would adrenaline be used

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. asystole
  2. to coarsen “fine” VF
  3. increase ionotropy
  4. increase systemic vascular resistance
20
Q

what is the dose of adrenaline used

Study These Flashcards
A

0.01 mg/kg IV (high dose of 0.1 has been used esp after prolonged CPR)

21
Q

what is atropine used for

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. atrioventricular block
  2. asystole which has been preceded by bradycardia (vagus mediated)
22
Q

what is the dose of atropine

Study These Flashcards
A

0.04 mg/kg IV

23
Q

what is lidocaine used for

Study These Flashcards
A

ventricular arrhythmias

24
Q

what is the dose of lidocaine used

Study These Flashcards
A

2-4 mg/kg (as a bolus) or 25-75 microgram/kg/min infusion

25
what is ECG used for
determine arrest rhythm
26
what are the types of arrest rhythms (4)
1. asystole 2. ventricular fibrillation 3. ventricular tachycardia 4. pulseless electrical activity
27
what arrest rhythm is this
asystole
28
what arrest rhythm is this
ventricular fibrillation
29
what arrest rhythm is this
coarse ventricular fibrillation
30
what arrest rhythm is this
fine ventricular fibrillation
31
what arrest rhythm is this
pulseless electrical activity electromechanical dissociation slightly wider complexes
32
what arrest rhythm is this
pulseless ventricular tachycardia
33
what arrest rhythm is this
ventricular tachycardia no cardiac output
34
what rhythms is electrical defibrilation not effective for
less likely to be effective in asystole or PEA
35
what are the steps to electrical defibrillation
1. charge 2. apply conducting gel to paddles and dog 3. current applied across heart 4. stand clear 5. 1-5 joules/kg external 6. 0.1-0.5 joules/kg if using internal paddles if monphasic upper end of range, biphasic lower end of range
36
what needs to be done in follow up (5)
1. fluids 2. ensure renal perfusion (urine production) 3. warmth (caution) 4. analgesics 5. may need other drugs to support (dopamine)
37
what are signs of effective CPR (5)
1. palpable pulse during cardiac compression 2. retinal blood flow (as detected by using a doppler probe on the cornea) 3. carbon dioxide detectable on capnography (gold standard) 4. improvement in colour of mucous membranes 5. ECG changes (normal rhythm)
38
what are signs of CPR recovery (5)
1. lacrimation 2. pupillary constriction 3. return of cranial nerve reflexes 4. return of other neurological function (response to sound, righting reflexes) 5. return of spontaneous ventilation
39
when should you give up CPR
why did animal arrest in the first place are we able to correct the reason for arrest are there disease processes which we cant correct 15-20 mins is adequate to start seeing a response in most animals that are going to respond
40
what equipment is needed
crash cart handy stocked and checked frequently
41
what are the actions during an arrest
1. directing situation, making decisions, assessing patient 2. compressions 3. ventilation 4. drawing up drugs, attaching ECG, keeping records ideally 3-4 people CAB?
42
recite the CPR algorithm

Module 14 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions