Cardiovascular

Question 1

S1 caused by

Answer 1

Closure of AV valves

Question 2

What are the AV valves

Answer 2

mitral and tricuspid

Question 3

Where is S1 loudest?

Answer 3

Apex

Question 4

Apex anatomical landmark

Answer 4

Midclavicular, 5th ICS

Question 5

S1 marks beginning of

Answer 5

systole

Question 6

S2 caused by

Answer 6

closure of semilunar valves

Question 7

what are the semilunar valves

Answer 7

aortic and pulmonic valves

Question 8

S2 is loudest at

Answer 8

base of the heart

Question 9

Base anatomical landmark

Answer 9

right sternal border, 2nd ICS

Question 10

Splitting of S2 is caused by?

Answer 10

Right bundle branch block

Question 11

What is S2 louder with?

Answer 11

Pulmonary embolism

Question 12

S3 is associated with what diagonsis?

Answer 12

Heart failure

Question 13

S3 is caused by

Answer 13

Pulmonary HTN
Cor pulmonale
Mitral, aortic, and tricuspid insufficiency

Question 14

Why is S4 not heard in the presences of a-fib?

Answer 14

No atrial contraction

Question 15

S4 is associated with

Answer 15

aortic stenosis
MI
HTN

Question 16

How to determine pulse pressure

Answer 16

systolic - diastolic = pulse pressure

Question 17

Normal pulse pressure

Answer 17

40-60

Question 18

Systolic BP is a measurement of

Answer 18

cardiac output

stroke volume

Question 19

Narrow pulse pressure indicates

Answer 19

hypovolemia
drop in cardiac output
cardiogenic shock
cardiac tamponade

Question 20

Diastolic BP is a measurement of

Answer 20

systemic vascular resistance

Question 21

what are perfused during diastole

Answer 21

coronary arteries

Question 22

widened pulse pressure indicates

Answer 22

vasodilation
sepsis
septic shock

Question 23

systolic murmurs occur when

Answer 23

valve is open

Question 24

Diastolic murmurs occur when

Answer 24

valve is closed

Question 25

insufficiency is caused by the valve's inability to

Answer 25

close completely

Question 26

stenosis is caused by

Answer 26

calcification of the valve

Question 27

Systolic murmurs- semilunar valves are

Answer 27

open

Question 28

systolic murmur- AV valves are

Answer 28

closed

Question 29

diastolic murmur- semilunar valves are

Answer 29

closed

Question 30

diastolic murmur- AV valves are

Answer 30

open

Question 31

Unstable Angina S/S

Answer 31

``` CP at rest unpredictable relieved with NTG Trop Neg ST depression or T-wave inversion ```

Question 32

Variant/Prinzmetal Angina is due to

Answer 32

coronary artery spasm

Question 33

Variant/Prinzmetal Angina precipitated by

Answer 33

nicotine alcohol cocaine

Question 34

Variant/Prinzemtal angina EKG

Answer 34

transient ST elevation

Question 35

NSTEMI S/S

Answer 35

Troponin Positive ST depression or T wave inversion Unrelenting chest pain

Question 36

Inferior MI Lead with ST elevation

Answer 36

II, III, aVF

Question 37

Anteroseptal Lead with ST elevation

Answer 37

V1 and V2

Question 38

Anterior Lead with ST elevation

Answer 38

V1-V4

Question 39

Inferior MI artery involved

Answer 39

Right Coronary Artery (RCA)

Question 40

Anteroseptal MI artery invovled

Answer 40

Left anterior descending

Question 41

Anterior MI artery invovled

Answer 41

left anterior descending

Question 42

Low lateral MI leads with ST elevation

Answer 42

V5 and V6

Question 43

Low lateral MI artery involved

Answer 43

cicumflex

Question 44

High lateral MI Leads

Answer 44

I and aVL

Question 45

High Lateral MI artery involved

Answer 45

circumflex

Question 46

Posterior MI leads

Answer 46

V1 and V2 Depression | - no elevation

Question 47

Posterior MI artery

Answer 47

Right coronary artery

Question 48

Right ventricular MI Leads

Answer 48

V3R and V4R

Question 49

Right ventricular MI artery

Answer 49

Right Coronary Artery