Cardiovascular

Question 1

Locate pulses

Answer 1

Temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral,
popliteal, posterior tibia, and dorsalis pedis

Question 2

Objective symptom indicating fluid volume overload

Answer 2

Jugular venous distention

Question 3

Drug of choice in severe CHF

Answer 3

Jugular venous distention
Lasix (furosemide) /atiu he fies
Monitor potassium, intake and output
(Hypokalemia may precipitate digitalis toxicity)

Question 4

Enzyme associated with CHF

Answer 4

Beta Type natriuretic Peptide (BNP), is a blood test.

Question 5

Normal BNP level

Answer 5

Less than 50 to 100 pg/ml..
A result greater than 100 pg/mL is
Abnormal.

Question 6

Normal ejection fraction

Answer 6

50% or greater

Question 7

Mainstay treatment in congestive heart failure (CHF).

Answer 7

Diuretics (Lasix or Demadex, or Bumex).

Question 8

Indication of Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Answer 8

To treat CHF and to decrease the SA to AV node
conduction to slow ventricular tachyarrhythmia (atrial
fibrillation/ atrial flutter).

Question 9

Initial symptom of Digoxin toxicity

Answer 9

Anorexia

Question 10

Other symptoms associated with digoxin toxicity

Answer 10

Nausea and vomiting, tachycardia and diarrhea.

Question 11

Nurse alert in Digoxin management

Answer 11

Check apical pulse before administering digoxin.
Teach pt to notify MD if heart rate (full minute) is less
than 60/minute or greater than110 beats/minute.

Question 12

Prevent hypokalemia in client taking digoxin as it will cause

Answer 12

Increasing the risk for digoxin toxicity.

Question 13

Client on digoxin and having hyperkalemia, the effect is.

Answer 13

It diminishes the Digoxin’s (Lanoxin) effect.

Question 14

Beta blockers such as Inderal (propanolol) and Lopressor
(metoprolol, are contraindicated in.

Answer 14

Asthma and COPD.

Question 15

Protamine Sulfate (Protopam)

Answer 15

Side effects: Hypotension and bradycardia, if rapid
administration.
Antidote for Heparin overdose

Question 16

Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) is indicated to.

Answer 16

Client with hypertension.
antihypertensive with small decreasing effect on
cardiac output.

Question 17

Use treat PVC, Acute ventricular dysrythmias

Answer 17

Lidocaine

Question 18

Cardiac catheterization complication - Check for bleeding
to the distal site.

Answer 18

Check for the bleeding site and distal circulation
Compare distal pulses.

Question 19

Location of apical pulse

Answer 19

4th hand, 5th intercostals space midclavicular line

Question 20

Risk with pacemaker

Answer 20

Electronic article surveillance (EAS) and metal
detector

Question 21

Does not affect the pulse generator with microwave
oven. Not allowed to have MRI.

Answer 21

Pacemaker

Question 22

Determines myocardial perfusion to the heart muscle during rest? Usually done along with an exercise stress test on a treadmill or bicycle.

Answer 22

Thallium test

Question 23

Thallium preparation

Answer 23

Prior to procedure
No coffee or tea or stimulants x 12 hours.
No beta-blockers x24 hours before the procedure.
No theophylline for 36 hours prior to procedure.

Question 24

When on a Holter monitor.

Answer 24

Avoid taking tub baths. Avoid getting the monitor wet.

Question 25

Side effects of digitalis

Answer 25

Nausea, vomiting, progressing to anorexia, blurring of vision.

Question 26

Sensory changes related to digitalis toxicity

Answer 26

Halos, diplopia, colored vision, bind spots, Blurring of vision, flashing of lights

Question 27

Location of apical pulse

Answer 27

4th hand. 5th intercostals space midclavicular line and auscultated in one full minute

Question 28

Digoxin is held in adult client when apical heart rate is in infant and young children in older children

Answer 28

Adult - Less than 60/minute Infant - Less than 90 to 110 beats/minute Older children- Less than 70/minute

Question 29

When to administer digoxin in “pediatrics”

Answer 29

An hour before feeding or 2 hours after feeding

Question 30

Caution to patient on digitalis

Answer 30

Hypokalemia predisposition increases toxicity, check for serum K level

Question 31

Cardura (doxazosin)

Answer 31

Alpha-blocker-antihypertensive also used for BPH

Question 32

Flushed face, headache faintness, postural hypotension

Answer 32

S/E of nitroglycerin

Question 33

Hyperstat (Diazoxide)

Answer 33

Administered IV in hypertensive crisis and may cause hyperglycemia

Question 34

A drug use to treat angina, increases oxygen to myocardium

Answer 34

Nitroglycerine (sublingual, intravenous, patch, or paste).

Question 35

Signs and symptom of hypovolemia

Answer 35

Increased pulse, respiratory rate, and decreased BP

Question 36

Side effects of Reserpine

Answer 36

Dry mouth, nasal stuffiness, dizziness, and decreased mental acuity

Question 37

Action of Inderal

Answer 37

Decreases cardiac rate & contractility

Question 38

Side effects of Lidocaine

Answer 38

Drowsiness, slurred speech, blurred vision, seizure, and coma.

Question 39

Side effects of Propanolol (Inderal)

Answer 39

Lethargy, fatigue, and hypotension (non-selective beta-blocker) May worsen myasthenia gravis Contraindicated in Asthma and COPD

Question 40

Clonidine (catapres) side effect

Answer 40

Dryness of the mouth due to decreased salivary flow

Question 41

A diagnostic tool in assessing fluid volume excess or deficit

Answer 41

Central Venous Pressure

Question 42

A decrease VP measurement reflects

Answer 42

Hypotension (sepsis, drugs, neurogenic)

Question 43

CV measurement reflects?

Answer 43

Pressure of the right atrium.

Question 44

Normal value CVP

Answer 44

5-10 mmHg.

Question 45

Common cause of carcinogenic shock

Answer 45

Left ventricular failure

Question 46

Nitroglycerine is administered

Answer 46

Sublingually every 5 minutes. Use 3 doses until chest pain is relieved.

Question 47

Antihypertensive IV drug that is sensitive to light

Answer 47

Nitroprusside (Nipride), over IV tubing and container

Question 48

Dyazide effect

Answer 48

May rise potassium level (hyperkalemia)

Question 49

Lisinopril is an ACE and the effect may impair?

Answer 49

Functions of the kidney.

Question 50

Questran(Cholecystyramine)

Answer 50

Taken with meals, may cause constipation Questran is a bile acid sequestrant. ( lower your LDL, bad cholesterol. Administer an hour before or 4-6 hours after other medication to avoid blocking absorption.

Question 51

Monitor hyperkalemia on client receiving antidiuretic. Following potassium sparing diuretics.

Answer 51

Aldactone (spironolactone) Dyrenium (triamterene) Midamor (amiloride)

Question 52

Closure of “mitral and tricuspid valves”, occurring during ventricular systole. Located near the apex of the heart over the mitral area.

Answer 52

S1 heart sound.

Question 53

S1 is Closure of _______ and _____occurring during ventricular systole. Located near the apex of the heart over the mitral area

Answer 53

Mitral and tricuspid valves.

Question 54

S1 Closure of “mitral and tricuspid valves”, occurring during _____. Located near the apex of the heart over the mitral area

Answer 54

Ventricular systole

Question 55

S1 is Closure of “mitral and tricuspid valves”, occurring during ventricular systole. Located near the ___ of the heart over the ____ area

Answer 55

Apex, mitral

Question 56

Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves * Located near the heart’s base over the pulmonic area or Erb’s point.

Answer 56

S2

Question 57

S2 is Closure of the ____ and _____ valves * Located near the heart’s base over the pulmonic area or Erb’s point.

Answer 57

Pulmonic and aortic valves,

Question 58

S2 is Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves * Located near the heart’s ___ over the ____ area or Erb’s point.

Answer 58

Heart, pulmonic

Question 59

Ventricular filling heart sounds?

Answer 59

S3

Question 60

Hyper stat ( Diazoxide) indicated for malignant ___, hypertensive crisis.

Answer 60

Hypertension

Question 61

Indicated for malignant hypertension,hypertensive crisis.

Answer 61

Hyper stat ( Diazoxide)

Question 62

Indicated for those who are unable to tolerate ACE inhibitors, “pril”

Answer 62

Micardis (telmisartan)

Question 63

Micardis (telmisartan) Indicated for those who are unable to tolerate ___________.

Answer 63

to tolerate ACE inhibitors, “pril”

Question 64

Isuprel (isoproterenol) action? Enhancing ____ and bronchial ____.

Answer 64

Pacemaker, dilatation.

Question 65

Isuprel (isoproterenol) action? Enhancing ____ and bronchial dilatation.

Answer 65

Pacemaker

Question 66

Isuprel (isoproterenol) action? Enhancing pacemaker and ______ dilatation.

Answer 66

Bronchial

Question 67

Cardiac catheterization complication? Check for ____ to the distal site.

Answer 67

Bleeding.

Question 68

Cardiac catheterization complication? Check for bleeding to the ____ site.

Answer 68

Distal

Question 69

A low level radiation being GIVEN off by the Technetium labeled red cells that outline the cardiac chambers. Is able to measure the ejection fraction Mainly the LEFT Ventricles.

Answer 69

MUGA SCAN ( Multiple gated acquisition scan)

Question 70

MUGA Scan ( multiple gated acquisition scan) A low level radiation being GIVEN off by the Technetium labeled red cells that outline the cardiac chambers. Is able to measure the ejection fraction Mainly the _______ ventricles.

Answer 70

Left ventricles

Question 71