cardiovascular Flashcards
(31 cards)
the _ slide of the heart transports blood to the lungs/ pump into the pulmonary circuit
right
blood from the _ side of the hart is pumped into the body/pump the systemic circuit
left
separates the right atrium and ventricle
tricuspid valve
separates the left atrium and ventricle
mitral valve
connected to the pulmonary artery on the right
pulmonary valve
controls flow to the aorta
aortic valve
carry blood to the tissues via a high-pressure system
arteries
return blood to the atria under much lower pressure
veins
electrical stimulus through the atria (atrial depolarization)
P wave
time between stimuli of atria and ventricles
PR interval
stimuli traveling through ventricles (ventricular depolarization)
QRS complex
ventricular repolarization (relaxing)
ST segment and T wave
final stage of ventricular repolarization
U wave
trauma to the chest wall that interrupts the electrical impulse in the heart; common cause of traumatic sudden cardiac death
commotio cordis
abnormally hypertrophied but nondilated left ventricle in the absence of physiological conditions; symptoms: fatigue, dyspnea, exertional angina and syncope; leading cause of sudden cardiac death in US under 35 years old
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
characterized by either an aberrant coronary artery takeoff or the complete absence of a coronary artery
coronary artery abnormalities
an autosomal dominant, heritable disorder of connective tissue that involves multiple organ systems
marfan sydrome
aortic dissection and rupture along with severe aortic regurgitation account for the majority of death in adolescents and adults with _
marfan sydrome
an inflammatory acute or chronic disease process of the cardiac myocytes, often resulting from enteroviral infections, must commonly coxsackievirus B
myocarditis
dysfunction arises from inflammation of the myocardium, with necrosis or degeneration of adjacent myocytes
myocarditis
impaired left ventricular outflow with compensatory hypertrophy of the interventricular septum and left ventricular free wall; commonly related to a bicuspid valve malformation
congenital aortic stenosis
usually in women; chest pain, heart palpitations, and uncharacteristic shortness of breath; syncope
mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
when the electrical pathway of the heart malfunctions without warning
arrythmias
ventricular preexcitation and tachycardia resulting from electrical conduction over accessory pathways; characterized by a short PR interval and a prolonged QRS complex with a distinctive early depolarization
wolff-parkinson-white syndrome
