Cardiovascular

Question 1

Vasoactive medications

Answer 1

Question 2

How to titrate Inodilators (dobutamine, milrinone, isoproterenol)

Answer 2

• Not based on BP since this is unpredictable
• Should titrate based on Cardiac output or urine output

Question 3

Mechanism of action of milrinone (inhibition target and resulting effect)

Answer 3

Adenylyl cylase inhibitor; increased cyclic AMP levels

Question 4

4 clinical uses of vasopressin

Answer 4

1. vasodilatory shock (in conjuction with levophed)
2. Central diabetes insipidus (0.01 units/min)
3. Hepatorenal syndrome
4. Bleeding esophageal/gastric varices.

Question 5

Fick Equation

Answer 5

Qt = Vo2/(CaO2-CvO2)

Oxygen consumed (Vo2) = Qt x (CaO2-CvO2)

Question 6

Shunt equation

Answer 6

Qs/Qt = (CcO2 - CaO2)/(CcO2 - CvO2)

raising the cardiac output decreases the shunt fraction.

Question 7

Systemic vascular resistance

Answer 7

SVR = (MAP - CVP) / CO x 80