Cardiovascular A&P

Question 0

Low density lipoproteins (LDL)

Answer 0

Moves cholesterol from the liver to the parts of the body

Question 1

Risk factors that can’t not be modified are called?

Answer 1

Non-modifiable or fixed.

Question 2

High density chorlestoral

Answer 2

Moves cholesterol from the body back to the liver to be broken down or recycled

Question 3

Sedentary death syndrome

Answer 3

Heath condition caused or worsened by lack of adequate physical activity.

Question 4

C-reactive proteins

Answer 4

Proteins produced by the liver and released into bloodstream when active inflammation is present.

Question 5

Fibrinogen

Answer 5

Protein produced by the liver which is necessary for normal blood clotting.

Question 6

Stroke volume

Answer 6

70-80ml

Question 7

Tricuspid valve

Answer 7

Three separate leaflets

Question 8

Arteries are ___________ vessels.

Answer 8

Conductance

Question 9

Arteries are designed to carry blood under

Answer 9

High pressure

Question 10

Arterioles

Answer 10

Smallest branch of the arteries

Question 11

Capillaries

Answer 11

Connect arteries and veinules

Question 12

Venules

Answer 12

Smallest brach if the vein

Question 13

Veins are ________ vessels.

Answer 13

Capacitance

Question 14

The anterior surface of the heart is composed of the?

Answer 14

Rt ventricle

Question 15

The hearts inferior surface is formed by?

Answer 15

Both the Rt and Lt. ventricle

Question 16

The largest vein that drains the heart?

Answer 16

Coronary sinus

Question 17

Apical impulse

Answer 17

Impulse that can be felt at the apex of heart.

Question 18

Point of maximal impulse (apical impulse)

Answer 18

Site where the heartbeat is most strongly felt

Question 19

What separate the heart into two functional pumps?

Answer 19

septa

Question 20

Rt sided, low-pressure system which pumps unoxygenated blood is?

Answer 20

Pulmonary circulation

Question 21

Lt side, high pressure system pumping oxygenated blood is referred to

Answer 21

Systemic circulation.

Question 22

Three tissues of the heart?

Answer 22

Endocardium, myocardium and epicardium

Question 23

Fibrous parietal pericardium

Answer 23

Rough outer layer of the pericardial sac.

Question 24

Two types of heart valves?

Answer 24

2 x atrioventricular (AV) | 2 x semilunar (SL)

Question 25

Mitral (Bicuspid) valve.

Answer 25

Two cusp

Question 26

Pulmonic and aortic (SL) valves open during?

Answer 26

Ventricular contraction

Question 27

The two phases of the cardiac cycle

Answer 27

Systole and diastole

Question 28

Systole

Answer 28

Chamber if the heart contract and blood is ejected

Question 29

Diastole

Answer 29

Chambers are relaxed and are allowed to fill.

Question 30

The myocardium receives oxygenated blood during?

Answer 30

Ventricular diastole

Question 31

Three coronary arteries

Answer 31

Left anterior descending, circumflex, and right coronary

Question 32

The coronary sinus drains into the?

Answer 32

Rt atrium

Question 33

The largest vein that drains the heart?

Answer 33

Coronary sinus

Question 34

Chronotropic effect

Answer 34

Refers to change in heart rate. Positive change in chronotropic effect, increase in HR. Negative change in chronotropic effect, decrease in HR.

Question 35

Inotropic effect

Answer 35

Change in myocardial contractility. A positive Inotropic effect, increase in contractility A negative Inotropic effect, decrease in contractility

Question 36

Dromotropic effect

Answer 36

Speed of conduction through the AV junctions. A positive change in dromotropic effect, increase in AV conduction velocity. A negative change in dromotropic effect, decrease in AV conduction velocity.

Question 37

Baroreceptors (pressoreceptors) are found where?

Answer 37

Internal carotid arteries and aortic arch.

Question 38

Decreased blood pressure stimulates a compensatory response called

Answer 38

Sympathetic or adrenergic + HR Peripheral constriction Increase force of myocardium contractions

Question 39

Chemoreceptors which detect change in pH, O2, CO2 are located?

Answer 39

In the internal carotid arteries, aortic arch and medulla.

Question 40

Parasympathetic ( inhibitory) effects on the heart

Answer 40

Slow discharge rate of SA node. Slow conduction through AV node. Decrease strength if atrial contraction. Can cause small decrease in the force of ventricular contraction.

Question 41

Sympathetic (accelerator) effects on the heart

Answer 41

Increase force of contractions. Increase HR. Increase BP.

Question 42

Cardiac output

Answer 42

Amount of blood pumped to the aorta each minute

Question 43

Stoke volume

Answer 43

The amount if blood ejected from the ventricles with each beat.

Question 44

Preload (end-diastolic volume)

Answer 44

Force exerted on the wall of the ventricles at the end of diastole.

Question 45

After load

Answer 45

Pressure or resistance against which the ventricles must pump to eject blood.

Question 46

Digitalis toxicity

Answer 46

Common cause of junction all dysrhythmias.