cardiovascular anatomy

Question 1

what does the term auricle mean

Answer 1

ear shaped anatomical lobe

Question 2

what separates the right auricle with the right ventricle

Answer 2

coronary sulcus

Question 3

what separates the right and left ventricle

Answer 3

interventricular sulcus

Question 4

where does the right coronary sit

Answer 4

coronary sulcus

Question 5

when blood flow through the coronary artery is blocked, what happens to the heart muscle

Answer 5

weaken the heart muscle leading to heart failure; decrease bloodflow → less oxygen → heart failure (ischemia)

Question 6

how many cusps does the tricuspid valve have

Answer 6

3

Question 7

what is the function of the tricuspid valve

Answer 7

prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium

Question 8

carries oxygenated bood

Answer 8

pulmonary veins

Question 9

carries deoxygenated blood

Answer 9

pulmonary arteries

Question 10

prevents backflow of blood to the left atrium

Answer 10

bicuspid or mitral valve

Question 11

why is the left ventricular wall much thicker than the wall of the right ventricle

Answer 11

pumps oxygenated blood in the entire systemic system

Question 12

aortic semilunar valve

Answer 12

prevents backflow to the left ventricle

Question 13

chordae tendineae and papillary muscles

Answer 13

strands of connective tissue that prevent the collapse of valve when ventricles contract

Question 14

arteries

Answer 14

transport oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart

Question 15

veins

Answer 15

transport deoxygenated blood TOWARDS the heart

Question 16

capillaries

Answer 16

site of exchange between blood and tissues, nutrients, gasses, wastes

Question 17

tunica externa / adventitia

Answer 17

superficial
fibrous c.t. (collagen + elastic fibers)

Question 18

tunica media

Answer 18

middle
smooth muscle + elastic c.t

Question 19

tunica interna / intima

Answer 19

deep
endothelium lining → simple squamous → ;lines vessels
basement membrane → loose areolar c.t
elastic membrane → elastic c.t.

Question 20

which of these blood vessels may have valves

Answer 20

veins

Question 21

which of these vessels has a thick tunica media

Answer 21

arteries

Question 22

which of these blood vessels is most elastic

Answer 22

arteries

Question 23

which tunic plays an active role on blood pressure regulation

Answer 23

tunica media b/c it has smooth muscle (contracts and dilate)

Question 24

which tunic provides a supporting and protective coat

Answer 24

tunica externa

Question 25

which tunic consists of a single layer of cells

Answer 25

tunica interna

Question 26

what type of blood vessels consists of endothelium only

Answer 26

capillaries

Question 27

what type of tissue forms the tunica media

Answer 27

smooth muscle

Question 28

what type of tissue forms the endothelium

Answer 28

simple squamous

Question 29

what type of tissue forms the tunica exerna

Answer 29

fibrous c.t

Question 30

the coronary arteries originate from the base of the

Answer 30

aorta

Question 31

the coronary sinus delivers deoxygenated blood to the

Answer 31

right atrium

Question 32

what is CAD

Answer 32

Coronary Artery Disease

Question 33

explain what coronary ischemia is and what causes this condition

Answer 33

less blood flow to the heart causing the muscle to suffer narro

Question 34

explain what coronary ischemia is and what causes this condition

Answer 34

less blood flow to the heart causing the muscle to suffer narrow arteries → less blood flow → less oxygen → muscle suffers

Question 35

explain what a myocardial infarction is

Answer 35

lack of 02 to the myocardium

Question 36

explain what is a coronary bypass graft

Answer 36

portion of vein to graft heart

Question 37

what 2 pairs of major arteries can the brain receive oxygenated blood from

Answer 37

internal carotid and vertebral arteries

Question 38

the internal carotid and vertebral arteries is connected by a ring shaped anastomosis called the

Answer 38

circle of willis

Question 39

the vertebral arteries pass through the transverse foramina of what bones

Answer 39

cervical vertebrae

Question 40

the circle of willis encircles the infundibulum of what endocrine gland

Answer 40

pituitary gland

Question 41

what is CVA and its common term

Answer 41

cerebrovascular accident; common term is stroke

Question 42

what is the 3 possible signs or symptoms of a CVA

Answer 42

Face is drooped Arms falls Speech slurred time to call

Question 43

the middle cerebral artery is a common site of a CVA, explain why

Answer 43

it is related to the embolism that comes from the internal carotid

Question 44

a CVA involving the left branch of this artery will affect sensation and motor function on which side of the body? explain

Answer 44

right side b/c of contralateral innervation

Question 45

hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 45

open bleed in the brain; ruptured blood vessel → aneurysm

Question 46

thrombotic stroke

Answer 46

blockage preventing the blood flow