Cardiovascular Disease & Stroke Flashcards
(21 cards)
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the #___ leading cause of death in the U.S.
1
Cardiovascular Disease
diseases of the heart and blood vessels
Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary arteries (deliver blood to the heart) become narrow due to atherosclerosis (formation of cholesterol-rich plaques) and heart is starved for Oxygen
symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease
intermittent chest pain (angina), no symptoms
Heart Attack
Coronary artery is completely blocked, (usually due to formation of a blood clot over damaged cholesterol plaque) blood to a part of the heart is completely cut off
Heart Attack symptoms
dizziness/fainting, heartburn, chest pain, pain that radiates to shoulders, arm, back, or jaw, nausea, vomiting,
Heart Attacks in women
typically have “non-traditional” symptoms such as fatigue, increased risk of death
Congestive Heart Failure
damaged heart cannot effectively pump blood
Congestive Heart Failure damage can be from
Coronary Artery Disease, High blood pressure, Heart attack, certain infections
Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms
shortness of breath, persistent cough, irregular heartbeat, fluids collect in tissues (sudden weight gain, swelling)
Congestive Heart Failure outcomes
gets worse with time, cannot be cured except via heart transplant, progression can be slowed by meds or lifestyle changes
Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke)
blood supply to part of brain is interrupted
Stroke is the #___ leading cause of death in the U.S.
5
consequences of stroke
loss of muscle control, trouble speaking, memory loss, loss of Blatter control, chronic pain or numbness, trouble understanding other’s words, depression/hostility
Transient Ischemic Attack
short-term interruption in blood supply to the brain often called a “mini-stroke”
Ischemic Stroke
a blood clot blocks a vessel in the brain, depriving brain tissue of oxygen (80% of strokes)
Hemorrhagic Stroke
uncontrolled bleeding in the brain, depriving brain tissue of oxygen, occurs when a weak portion of a blood vessel ruptures (20% of strokes)
Stroke Symptoms
sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg, especially in one half of the body, sudden dizziness, sudden confusion, sudden trouble seeing, sudden severe headache
Primary Prevention for CVD & Stroke
stop smoking, maintain a healthy weight, healthy diet, exercise, stress reduction,
Secondary Prevention for CVD & Stroke
blood pressure screening, low sodium diet, cholesterol screening, dietary changes, education, clot-dissolving drugs, cardiac bypass surgery
Tertiary Prevention for CVD & Stroke
rehabilitation
