Cardiovascular drugs Flashcards
(28 cards)
MoA of aspirin?
Inhibits platelet aggregation
Use of aspirin?
Low dose for MI, TIa/Stroke, Angina
Use, MoA and SE of loop diuretics
e.g. furosemide
Use: heart failure
MoA: Inhibit Na/2K/Cl co-transporter
SE:
- Dehydration
- Low K
- Low Ca
- (ototoxic in high dose)
Use , MoA and SE of thiazide diuretics
e.g. brendoflumethiazide
Use: HTN
MoA: Inhibit Na/Cl
SE:
- Low Ca
- Low Mg
- High K
- High Urate ( + Gout)
Side effects (SE) of K - sparing diuretics e.g. amiloride, spironolactone
High K
GI upset :(
Contraindication (do not use) of Beta blockers?
e.g. propanolol
Asthma
COPD
Heart block
INTERACTION: verapamil (CCB, non-dihydropyridine)
Side effects of beta blockers?
Lethargy
Erectile dysfnction
Headache
When and how should you check for digoxin toxicity?
6-12 hours post dose
Check K (potassium)
MoA of digoxin?
Blocks Na/K pump
SE of digoxin
Nausea
low appetite
arrythmia
confusion
gynaecomastia (man boobs)
What to do in digoxin toxicity?
Stop digoxin
Check K
Treat arrhythmia (Activated charcoal (DigiFab))
Implication of digoxin use in hypokalaemia?
Hypokalaemia exacerbates digoin toxicity
Describe the signs of digoxin toxicity
CVD: Arrythmia, heart block
CNS: Confusion
GI: Nausea
What should you look for in FBC to detect anaemia?
RBC
Haemoglobin (Hgb)
Haematocrit (Hct)
Mean Cell Volume (MCV)
Iron (Fe)
Treating anaemia
Oral iron:
Ferrous sulphate 200mg TDS
What does a Mean Cell Volume (MCV) below 80 indicate?
Microcytic anaemia
What does a Mean Cell Volume (MCV) above 100 indicate?
Macrocytic anaemia
What is haematocrit?
Ratio of RBC volume : total blood volume
How to treat Vit B12 deficiency?
IM Hydroxycobalamine
Side effects of Iron (ferrous sulphate) ?
Constipation
Which diuretic lowers sodium more than the others
Thiazides
What type of drug is tinzaparin?
Anticoagulant (blood thinner)
Prevents formation of blood clots
How is tinzaparin used to treat DVT and PE?
In combination with warfarin
Side effect of tinzaparin?
Thrombocytopenia (low platelets)
