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CVNOTES > Cardiovascular Medicine Revision Notes > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Medicine Revision Notes Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Irregularly Irregular

A

Atrial fibrillation

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2
Q

Slow rising pulse

A

Aortic stenosis

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3
Q

Collapsing pulse

A

Aortic regurgitation

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4
Q

Bounding pulse

A

Acute CO2 retention
Hepatic failure
Sepsis

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5
Q

Radio-femoral delay

A

Coarctation of aorta

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6
Q

Jerky pulse

A

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Mitral regurgitation

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7
Q

Pulsus bisferiens

A

Mixed aortic valve disease

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

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8
Q

Pulsus

A

Constrictive pericarditis

Cardiac tamponade

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9
Q

Raised, fixed JVP

A

Superior vena cava obstruction

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10
Q

JVP rising on inspiration

A

Cardiac tamponade

Constrictive pericarditis

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11
Q

Large v waves

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

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12
Q

Large a waves

A

Atrial fibrillation

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13
Q

Cannon a waves

A

Complete heart block
Atrioventricular dissociation
Ventricular arrhythmias.

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14
Q

Mitral Stenosis

A

Tapping apex beat
Loud first heart sound
Rumbling mid-diastolic murmur at apex - louder in left lateral position on expiration

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15
Q

Mitral Regurgitation

A

Displaced, volume overload apex beat
Soft first hear sound
Pansystolic murmur at apex radiating to axilla (louder in expiration)

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16
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A

Narrow pulse pressure
Soft second heart sound
Ejection systolic murmur in aortic area radiating to carotids and apex.

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17
Q

Aortic Regurgitation

A

Wide pulse pressure
Displaced, volume-overloaded apex beat
Early diastolic murmur at lower sternal edge - best heard in expiration leaning forward

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18
Q

Tricuspid Regurgitation

A

Large systolic v waves

Pansystolic murmur lower left sternal edge - best heard in inspiration.

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19
Q

Ventricular septal defect

A

Harsh pansystolic murmur lower left sternal edge

Left parasternal heave.

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20
Q

Downsyndrome

A

Atrioventricular Septal Defect

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21
Q

Turners Syndrome

A

Aortic Coarctation

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22
Q

William Syndrome

A

Aortic Stenosis

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23
Q

Marfan’s Syndrome

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse & Aortic Dissection/Dilation

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24
Q

Noonan’s Syndrome

A

Bleeding & Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

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25
Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome
Atrioventricular Tachycardia -> Atrial Fibrilation. Left = Dominant R wave in V1 Right = no R in V1
26
22q 11Del, DiGeorge,Sphrintzen
Outflow Tract Cardiac Malformation
27
Malar cheek flush
Mitral Stenosis
28
Pulsatile Hepatomegaly
Tricuspid regurgitation
29
Carotid Pulsation - Corrigan's Sign
Aortic regurgitation
30
Head nodding - De Musset's Sign
Aortic regurgitation
31
Capillary pulsations in nail-bed - Quincke's Sign
Aortic regurgitation
32
Pistal-shot heard over femorals - Traube's Sign
Aortic regurgitation
33
Roth's spots - boat shaped retinal haemorrhages
Infective endocarditis
34
Osler's nodes - painful hard swellings on fingers/toes
Infective endocarditis
35
Janeway's lesions -painless erythematous blanching macules seen on palmar surfaces.
Infective endocarditis
36
Wide, fixed split second heart sound | Ejection systolic murmur second, third intercostal space
Atrial Septal Defect
37
Harsh pansystolic murmur left sternal edge
Ventricular Septal Defect
38
Radiofemoral delay | Hypertension
Coarctation of Aorta
39
Continuous "machinery" murmur below left clavicle
Persistent ductus arteriosus
40
Cyanosis first day of life
Transposition of great vessels
41
Chest X Ray - egg shaped ventricles
Transposition of great vessels
42
Cyanosis first month of life
Teratology of Fallot
43
Chest X Ray - boot shaped
Teratology of Fallot
44
Saw tooth pattern with normal complexes
Atrial Flutter
45
Absent p Wave
Atrial Fibrilation | Sino atrial block
46
Bifid p wave
Left atrial hypertrophy - mitral stenosis
47
Peaked p wave
Right atrial hypertrophy - pulmonary hypertension, tricuspid stenosis
48
ST depression
Myocardial ischaemia
49
ST elevation
Acute Myocardial Infarction
50
Saddle shaped ST elevation
Acute constrictive pericarditis
51
SI (deep), QIII, TIII (inverted)
Pulmonary Embolus
52
Tall tented T waves, Wide QRS
Hyperkalaemia
53
Flattened T waves, prominent U waves - muscle weakness, cramps, tetany
Hypokalaemia
54
Long QT interval, tetany, perioral paraesthesia, carpopedal spasm
Hypocalcaemia
55
II, III, aVF Hyper-acute T waves (inverts later) ST elevation Q wave formation
Inferior Infarct
56
I, aVL, V2-V6 Hyper-acute T waves (inverts later) ST elevation Q wave formation
Anteriolateral Infarct
57
V2-V5 Hyper-acute T waves (inverts later) ST elevation Q wave formation
Anterior Infarct
58
ST and T wave changes but no Q waves Hyper-acute T waves (inverts later) ST elevation
Subendocardial Infarct
59
Reciprocal changes V1, V2 (tall R waves, ST depression, tall upright T waves) Hyper-acute T waves (inverts later) ST elevation Q wave formation
Posterior Infarct.
60
Impotence Shortness of breath Cold peripheries
Beta blockers - e.g. propanolol
61
Persistent dry cough
ACE inhibitor - e.g. Captopril
62
Gynaecomastia
Dignoxin, Spironolactone
63
Hyper/Hypothyroidism Corneal Microdeposits Lung/liver fibrosis
Amiodarone
64
Constipation
Verapamil
65
Flushing, headache, ankle oedema
Nifedipine
66
Gout (hyperuricaemia)
Thiazide diuretic - e.g. bendofluazide
67
Increased hair growth
Minoxidil
68
Drug-induced SLE
Hydralazine.

CVNOTES (57 decks)

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