Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Backflow

Answer 1

if a valve doesn’t close tightly blood leaks back into the chambers

Question 2

Stroke volume

Answer 2

Volume of blood pumped from left ventricle per beat

Question 3

Cardiac output equation

Answer 3

Heart Rate x stroke volume

Question 4

Cardiac output

Answer 4

Amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute

Question 5

Systole

Answer 5

heart muscle contracts & pumps blood out from chambers into arteries

Question 6

Diastole

Answer 6

When heart muscle relaxes and allows chambers to fill with blood

Question 7

Cardiac cycle

Answer 7

Performance of human heart from beginning of one heartbeat to the next

Question 8

Recovery rate

Answer 8

Time it takes for heart beat to return to resting after sport

Question 9

Vasoconstriction

Answer 9

Narrowing the diameter of arteries to decrease blood flow

Question 10

Vasodilation

Answer 10

Widening the diameter of the arteries to increase blood flow

Question 11

Veins function

Answer 11

Return deoxygenated blood from organs back to heart

Question 12

Arteries function

Answer 12

Carry blood away from heart

Question 13

Capillaries function

Answer 13

Exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells

Question 14

Veins link between structure & function

Answer 14

Thin structure for carrying low blood pressure

Question 15

Arteries link between structure & function

Answer 15

Blood under high pressure so have thick walls

Question 16

Capillaries link between structure & function

Answer 16

One cell thick walls to allow diffusion of substances in & out of blood stream

Question 17

What is VSM

Answer 17

Vascular shunting mechanism - redistribution of blood due to the demands of exercise

Question 18

What is VCC

Answer 18

Vasomotor Control Centre - control VSM, regulates blood flow

Question 19

Plasma function

Answer 19

Dissolve nutrients, provides to organs

Question 20

Red blood cell function

Answer 20

Takes haemoglobin which carries oxygen from lungs to body’s tissues

Question 21

White blood cell function

Answer 21

Produce antibodies, fight off infection in the body

Question 22

Platelets

Answer 22

Prevent bleeding by forming clots

Question 23

Immediate effects of exercise

Answer 23

Heart rate & stroke volume increases, breathing rate increases, body temp increases

Question 24

Bradycardia

Answer 24

abnormally slow heart rate that is less than 60 beats per minute

Question 25

Precapillary sphincter

Answer 25

control of blood flow to the tissues, located at arterial end of a capillary

Question 26

Pathway of blood through the heart

Answer 26

Vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery to lungs, pulmonary vein back into left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

Question 27

Average cardiac output

Answer 27

5L

Question 28

Semilunar valve

Answer 28

Prevents backflow during systole