Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Oxygenated blood

Answer 1

Blood saturated with oxygen and nutrients such as glucose

Question 2

Deoxygenated blood

Answer 2

Blood depleted of oxygen saturated with carbon dioxide and waste products

Question 3

Myogenic

Answer 3

The capacity of the heart to generate its own electrical impulse, cause cardiac muscle to contract

Question 4

Cardiac output

Answer 4

The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute HR x SV=Q

Question 5

Heart rate

Answer 5

The number of times the heart beats per minute

Question 6

Stroke volume

Answer 6

The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per beat

Question 7

Systole

Answer 7

The contraction phase of cardiac muscle where the blood is forcibly ejected into the aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 8

Diastole

Answer 8

The relaxation phase of cardiac muscle where the chambers fill with blood

Question 9

Cardiac systole

Answer 9

Contraction phase of the heart

Question 10

Cardiac diastole

Answer 10

Relaxation phase of the heart

Question 11

What is the SV for a trained and untrained individual

Answer 11

100-110ml trained
50-70ml untrained
Avg 70ml

Question 12

HR from trained and untrained individuals

Answer 12

50-60bpm trained
70-80bpm untrained
Avg 72bpm

Question 13

How do you work out maximum HR

Answer 13

Maximum HR= 220 - age

Question 14

5 methods of venous return

Answer 14

Pocket valves
Smooth muscle
Gravity
Respiratory muscle pump
Skeletal muscle pump

Question 15

Vasodilation

Answer 15

Arterioles dilate which increase blood flow through capillary beds

Question 16

Vasoconstriction

Answer 16

Constriction of arterioles which decrease blood flow through capillary beds

Question 17

What does CCC stand for

Answer 17

Cardiac control centre (receives info from medulla oblongata)

Question 18

What does ANS stand for

Answer 18

Autonomic nervous system (determines HR by changing SA nodes firing rate)

Question 19

What are the 3 types of control mechanisms

Answer 19

Neural control
Intrinsic control
Hormonal control

Question 20

What are the three receptors that make up neural control

Answer 20

Chemoreceptors
Proprioceptors
Baroreceptors

Question 21

What is intrinsic control made up of

Answer 21

Thermoreceptors

Question 22

What is hormonal control made up of

Answer 22

Adrenaline

Question 23

What do chemoreceptors detect

Answer 23

Detect chemical change in the blood stream
Eg CO2 and lactic acid increase

Question 24

What do proprioreceptors detect

Answer 24

In the muscles tendons and joints and detect motor activity
Eg activity

Question 25

What do baroreceptors detect

Answer 25

In blood vessel walls and inform CCC of increased blood pressure

Question 26

What do thermoreceptors detect

Answer 26

Detect increase in blood temperature and inform CCc