cardiovascular system

Question 1

functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

-continuously pumps blood arounf body
-transports water, oxygen and nutrients to cells
-removes CO2 and other waste products
-maintains body temp(homeostatic mechanism)
-fights disease through white blood cells

Question 2

components of cardiovascular system

Answer 2

-heart
-blood vessels
-blood

Question 3

pulmonary system

Answer 3

-from heart to lungs
-deoxygenated blood pumped to lugs to be oxygenated
-oxygenated blood pumped back to heart and around systemic circuit
-right ventricle and left atrium

Question 4

systemic circuit

Answer 4

-from heart to body
-oxygenated blood around the body via arteries
-deoxygenated blood back to heart via veins
-transports oxygen to
working muscles and organs
-left ventricle + right atrium

Question 5

arteries

Answer 5

carry oxygenated blood away from heart to body

Question 6

veine

Answer 6

carries deoxygenated blood to heart from body

Question 7

capillaries

Answer 7

-from arteries to veins
-microscopic blood vessels, with thin walls that allow for gaseous exchange

Question 8

blood 3 main functions

Answer 8

transport:
-O2 to working muscles
-CO2 to lungs
protection:
-platelets help heal wounds by clotting
Regulation:
- maintains body temp

Question 9

components of blood

Answer 9

-red blood cells
-white blood cells
-plasma
-platelets

Question 10

red blood cells

Answer 10

-produced in bone marrow
-contains hemoglobin which carries oxygen to body tissue and muscles

Question 11

blood plasma

Answer 11

-carries nutrients
-transports and assists in the removal of waste products
-is 90% water-counters dehydration
contains fibrinogen which assists with clotting

Question 12

white blood cells

Answer 12

-fight infection by absorbing + digesting disease-causing organisms
-produced in bone marrow, lymph tissue and spleen

Question 13

platelets

Answer 13

-form blood clots to stop bleeding
-produced in bone marrow

Question 14

pathway of deoxygenated blood

Answer 14

-enters through inferior vena cava and into superior vena cava
-travels into right atrium
-goes into right ventricle
-enters the pulmonary artery which transports blood to lung

Question 15

pathway of oxygenated blood

Answer 15

-deoxygenated blood picks up oxygen in the lungs
-transports back to heart via pulmonary vein
-flows through the left atrium and into left ventricle
-then out through the Aorta, which transports the blood to the body

Question 16

right atrium

Answer 16

collects blood from the systemic circuit

Question 17

right ventricle

Answer 17

pumps blood to pulmonary circuit

Question 18

left atrium

Answer 18

collects blood from pulmonary circuit

Question 19

left ventricle

Answer 19

pumps blood to systemic circuit

Question 20

transports oxygenated blood to the body from the heart and transports deoxygenated blood from the body to the hear

Answer 20

systemic circuit

Question 21

transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart and oxygenated blood from lungs back to heart

Answer 21

pulmonary circuit

Question 22

heart rate (HR)

Answer 22

amount of times heart beats per/min –bpm

Question 23

stroke volume (SV)

Answer 23

amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat, measured in ml/beat

Question 24

cardiac output (Q)

Answer 24

amount of blood pumped out of heart per/min, measure in L/min
equation: HR x SV = Q

Question 25

blood pressure

Answer 25

-systolic (high) -diastolic (low)

Question 26

systolic blood pressure

Answer 26

a measure of the pressure that the blood exerts against artery wall when LEFT VENTRICLE CONTRACTS

Question 27

diastolic blood pressure

Answer 27

measure of pressure against artery wall when HEART RELAXES

Question 28

a-vos2 difference

Answer 28

the difference in the amount of oxygen in the arteries vs the amount in the veins.

Question 29

vasodilation

Answer 29

when blood vessels widen and cause an increase in blood flow -O

Question 30

vasoconstriction

Answer 30

when blood vessels shrink causing a decrease in blood flow -o

Question 31

thermoregulation

Answer 31

-the bodies efforts to maintain optimum operating temp -bodies ability to gain and reduce amount of heat -radiation -evaporation -conduction -convection

Question 32

radiation

Answer 32

energy transferred when heat passes from blood vessels to skin

Question 33

evaporation

Answer 33

sweating is the bodies method of cooling down and maintaining temp - when hot blood is redirected to skin

Question 34

conduction

Answer 34

-the transfer of thermal energy between two solids in contact e.g ice vets (transfers cold to body)

Question 35

convection

Answer 35

heat is transferred by the circulation of fluid or gas e.g pouring water on head

Question 36

hypothermia

Answer 36

-po-low -decrease in body temp -blood redirected to working and vital organs -vasoconstriction to skin

Question 37

hyperthermia

Answer 37

hyper-high -increased body temp -blood redirected to skin

Question 38

sweating mechnism

Answer 38

-cool down via evaporation -blood redirected to skin and away from working muscles -working muscles recieve less oxygenated blood to produce ATP, therefore intensity decreases