Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Pulsus tardus

Delayed systolic peak

Answer 1

Aortic stenosis

Obstruction of left ventricular ejection

Question 2

Bisferiens pulse

Has two systolic peaks

Answer 2

Aortic regurgitation

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 3

Dicrotic pulse

1 systole and 1 diastole

Answer 3

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Typhoid fever

Question 4

Pulsus alterans

Regular rhythm
Irregular pressure

Answer 4

Alternating left ventricle contractile force
Congestive heart failure
Premature beat in patients without heart disease
Paroxysmal tachycardia

Question 5

Pulsus bigeminus

Answer 5

Irregular pressure due to premature ventricular contraction

Question 6

Pulsus paradoxus

Answer 6

Decrease in systolic arterial pressure

Reduction of arterial pulse amplitude during inspiration

Question 7

Jugular venous pressure

A wave

Answer 7

Atrial contraction

Question 8

Jugular venous pressure

C wave

Answer 8

Bulging of tricuspid valve

Question 9

Jugular venous pressure

V wave

Answer 9

Atrial filling

Question 10

Jugular venous pressure

X descent

Answer 10

Atrial relaxation

Question 11

Jugular venous pressure

Y descent

Answer 11

Opening of the tricuspid valve

Question 12

Jugular venous pressure

Center of the right atrium lies approximately ____ cm below the sternal angle

Answer 12

5

Question 13

Kussmaul’s sign

Answer 13

Right sided heart failure
Constrictive pericarditis
Relight ventricular infarction

Question 14

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Sustained systolic lift at

Answer 14

Left paresternal area

Question 15

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Starts in

Answer 15

Early systole

Question 16

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Synchronous with the

Answer 16

Left ventricular apical impulse

Question 17

Left parasternal lift

Severe

Answer 17

Mitral regurgitation

Question 18

Left parasternal lift

Occurs later than the

Answer 18

Left ventricular apical pulse

Question 19

Left parasternal lift

Synchronous with the

Answer 19

V wave in left atrial pressure

Question 20

Pulmonary artery pulsation

Is often visible and palpable in the

Answer 20

2nd left ICS

Question 21

Thrills

Mitral regurgitation

Answer 21

Apex

Question 22

Thrills

Aortic stenosis

Answer 22

Radiates to carotid artery

Question 23

Thrills

Pulmonic stenosis

Answer 23

Radiates to the left side of the neck

Question 24

Thrills

Ventricular septal defect

Answer 24

3rd 4th ICS

Left sternal border

Question 25

Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 25

Forceful apical beat but not displaced

Question 26

Eccentric LVH

Answer 26

Displaced apical beat at left anterior axillary line

Question 27

Left ventricular dilatation

Answer 27

Displaced apical beat | Heart does not properly move

Question 28

Heart sound Tachycardia Mitral stenosis

Answer 28

Loud S1

Question 29

Heart sound Mitral regurgitation Congestive heart failure Coronary artery disease

Answer 29

Soft S1

Question 30

Heart sound Widening of S1

Answer 30

Complete RBBB

Question 31

Heart sound Reversed splitting of S1

Answer 31

Severe mitral stenosis Left atrial myxoma LBBB

Question 32

Heart sound Systemic hypertension

Answer 32

Loud A2

Question 33

Heart sound Aortic stenosis

Answer 33

Soft A2

Question 34

Heart sound Pulmonary hypertension Atrial septal defect

Answer 34

Loud P2

Question 35

Heart sound Pulmonic stenosis

Answer 35

Soft P2

Question 36

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Heard in the 2nd or 3rd left ICS

Answer 36

A

Question 37

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Delay in closure of pulmonary valve

Answer 37

A and B

Question 38

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Wide splitting that does not vary with respiration

Answer 38

C

Question 39

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Appears on expiration and disappears on inspiration

Answer 39

D

Question 40

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Delay in closure of aortic valve

Answer 40

D

Question 41

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Right bundle of branch block

Answer 41

A and B

Question 42

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Pulmonic stenosis

Answer 42

B

Question 43

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Atrial septal defect

Answer 43

A and C

Question 44

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 44

D

Question 45

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Aortic stenosis

Answer 45

D

Question 46

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Mitral regurgitation

Answer 46

B

Question 47

Choices A. Physiologic splitting of S2 B. Wide splitting of S2 C. Fixed splitting of S2 D. Paradoxical splitting of S2 Right ventricular failure

Answer 47

C

Question 48

Pulsus parvus Small, weak pulse

Answer 48

Diminished left ventricular stroke volume Narrow pulse pressure Increased in peripheral resistance