Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Name the four chambers of the heart

Answer 1

Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle

Question 2

Which artery takes blood out of the left side of the heart?

Answer 2

Aorta

Question 3

Which artery takes blood out of the right side of the heart?

Answer 3

Pulmonary artery

Question 4

Which vein takes blood into the left side of the heart?

Answer 4

Pulmonary vein

Question 5

Which vein takes blood into the right side of the heart?

Answer 5

Vena cava

Question 6

Which vein takes blood from the lungs into the heart?

Answer 6

Pulmonary vein

Question 7

Which vein takes blood from the body into the heart?

Answer 7

Vena cava

Question 8

Which artery takes blood from the heart around the body?

Answer 8

Aorta

Question 9

Which artery takes blood from the heart to the lungs?

Answer 9

Pulmonary artery

Question 10

What separates the two sides of the heart to keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate?

Answer 10

Septium

Question 11

Which valve controls blood going from the left atrium into the left ventricle?

Answer 11

Biscupid valve

Question 12

Which valve controls blood going from the right atrium into the right ventricle?

Answer 12

Triscupid valve

Question 13

Which valves controls blood going out of the ventricles?

Answer 13

Semi-lunar valves

Question 14

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Answer 14

Arteries

Question 15

Which blood vessels carry blood towards the heart?

Answer 15

Veins

Question 16

Which blood vessels contain valves to prevent the backflip of blood?

Answer 16

Veins

Question 17

Which are the smallest blood vessels?

Answer 17

Capillaries

Question 18

Which blood vessels allow gaseous exchange between the blood and lungs and between blood and muscles?

Answer 18

Capillaries

Question 19

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 19

Controls body temperature (thermoregulation)
Fight infection
Transports oxygen, nutrients and waste products

Question 20

Name the 3 blood vessels

Answer 20

Arterys
Veins
Capillaries

Question 21

Name the 4 components of blood

Answer 21

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma

Question 22

Which blood cell contains haemoglobin to transport oxygen?

Answer 22

Red blood cells

Question 23

Which blood cells contain antibodies to fight infection?

Answer 23

White blood cells

Question 24

What part of blood is mainly water and transports nutrients, hormones and waste products?

Answer 24

Plasma

Question 25

What part of blood forms blood clots to stop infections entering the body?

Answer 25

Platelets

Question 26

Define heart rate

Answer 26

The number of times your heart beats in one minute.

Question 27

Define stroke volume

Answer 27

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one beat

Question 28

Define cardiac output

Answer 28

Amount of blood pumped out per minute

Question 29

How do you calculate cardiac output?

Answer 29

Heart rate x stroke volume

Question 30

What happens to your heart rate when you exercise?

Answer 30

It rises

Question 31

What term means that your muscles get bigger?

Answer 31

Hyper trophy

Question 32

What are the 3 things the cardiovascular system is made up of?

Answer 32

Heart Blood Blood vessels

Question 33

What happens to the blood in the Systemic circuit?

Answer 33

Blood goes from the left side of the heart, out of the aorta to the body where it drops off oxygen to muscles and picks up carbon dioxide, then it goes back into the right side of the heart through the vena cava.

Question 34

What happens to the blood in the pulmonary circuit?

Answer 34

Blood goes from the right side of the heart through the pulmonary artery, to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide and goes back to the heart through the pulmonary vein.

Question 35

What are the two circuits that are involved in double circulation?

Answer 35

Systemic circuit | Pulmonary circuit

Question 36

What do arteries do?

Answer 36

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 37

What do veins do?

Answer 37

Carry blood back to the heart

Question 38

What do capillaries do?

Answer 38

The smallest blood vessel, only 1 cell thick, diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens here

Question 39

What is vascular shunt?

Answer 39

When you exercise your muscles need more oxygen to work. The vascular shunt helps divert more blood and oxygen to the working muscles by taking it away from places that don't need as much like the digestive system.

Question 40

What is vasoconstriction?

Answer 40

Means the capillaries to the digestive system get smaller so less blood can flow to them.

Question 41

What is vasodilation?

Answer 41

Means the capillaries to the muscle get bigger so more blood can flow to them.

Question 42

List the 4 short term effects of exercising on the cardiascular system

Answer 42

Heart rate increases Stroke volume increases Cardiac output increases Blood is redistributed from the digestive system to the muscles

Question 43

List the 5 long terms effects on the cardiovascular system

Answer 43

``` Hypertrophy of the heart Resting heart rate decreases Maximal stroke volume increases Maximal cardiac output increases Rate of recovery decreases ```