Cardiovascular System: Heart Part 1

Question 1

Heart beats how many times a minute? And a day?

Answer 1

75 beats a minute. 100,000 beats a day. Pumps 5L blood per minute.

Question 2

Heart is situated between?

Answer 2

between the two lungs in the thoracic cavity, with about two-thirds of its mass to the __left_ of the midline.

Question 3

Heart size?

Answer 3

About the size of a closed fist

Question 4

The pointed end of the heart, called? Rests on?

Answer 4

The pointed end, the apex, , which and rests on the Diaphragm

Question 5

Opposite of the apex? Formed by?

Answer 5

Base of the heart. Formed by the atria

Question 6

Structure and Organization of Heart

Answer 6

Image - Slide 4-9

Question 7

The membrane that surrounds and protects the heart and holds it in place is the _______

Answer 7

Pericardium

Question 8

Pericardium has two parts:

Answer 8

the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium.

Question 9

Outer fibrous pericardium characteristics?

Answer 9

tough, inelastic, dense irregular connective tissue layer.

provides protection, and anchors the heart in place.

Question 10

Inner serous pericardium characteristics?

Answer 10

thinner, more delicate membrane that forms a double layer around the heart.

Question 11

The outer ___ layer of the serous pericardium is fused to the fibrous pericardium.

Answer 11

Parietal

Question 12

Inner Visceral layer

Answer 12

_____ of the serous pericardium, also called the epicardium (epi- = on top of), adheres tightly to the surface of the heart.

Question 13

The wall of the heart has three layers:

Answer 13

Epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium.

Question 14

Epicardium (Outer later) : characteristics

Answer 14

is also known as the visceral layer of serous pericardium, is the thin, transparent outer layer of the wall.

Question 15

Middle layer CALLED?

Answer 15

Myocardium- consists of cardiac muscle tissue (myo- = muscle), which constitutes the bulk of the heart.

Question 16

Cardiac muscle fibers (cells) are? ____,_____,______

Answer 16

involuntary, striated, branched.

Question 17

is a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium that lines the inside the valves of the heart and the tendons attached to the valves

Answer 17

Endocardium (Inner layer)

Question 18

Pericardium and Heart Diagram

Answer 18

Image- slide 15

Question 19

Heart has how many chambers?

Answer 19

4

Question 20

2 upper Chambers are:

Answer 20

Right and Left Atria

Question 21

2 Lower chambers are:

Answer 21

Right and Left Ventricles

Question 22

Between the right atrium and left atrium is a thin partition called the: _____ _______

Answer 22

interatrial septum (inter= between)

Question 23

Valve

Answer 23

Fill in blank empty diagram (slide 18)

Question 24

Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood through 3 veins that return blood to the heart:

Answer 24

1. The superior vena Cava ( (brings blood away from above heart)
2. The inferior vena Cava (brings blood away from BELOW heart)
3. Coronary sinus drains blood from most of the vessels supplying the wall of the heart

Question 25

The right atrium then delivers the deoxygenated blood into? ______ ______, Which pumps it into? ____ _____

Answer 25

right ventricle, which pumps it into the pulmonary trunk.

Question 26

The pulmonary trunk divides into a right and left_____ _______, to the _____ _______

Answer 26

pulmonary artery, to the corresponding lungs.

Question 27

Arteries are?

Answer 27

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Question 28

_____ _______ enters the
left atrium via _ _____ ______

Answer 28

Oxygenated blood enters the
left atrium via four pulmonary veins

Question 29

Great Vessels of the Heart-image

Answer 29

Diagram - Slide 23-24

Question 30

To prevent the blood from flowing backward, the heart has how many valves? Made of?

Answer 30

4; composed of dense connective tissue covered by endothelium.

Question 31

These valves open and close in response to pressure changes as the heart ______ & ______

Answer 31

Contracts and relaxes

Question 32

____ ______lie between the atria and ventricles.

Answer 32

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

Question 33

The AV valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is called the ____ _____

Answer 33

tricuspid valve because it consists of three cusps (folds or flaps).

Question 34

Tendon-like cords, called chordae tendinae connect to ______ ________ , located on?

Answer 34

papillary muscles located on the inner surface of the ventricles.

Question 35

The AV valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is called the ____ _______

Answer 35

Bicuspid valve or (mitral) valve.

Question 36

For blood to pass from an atrium to a ventricle, an atrioventricular valve must open. T/F?

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Near the origin of the pulmonary trunk and aorta are semilunar valves called ?

Answer 37

the pulmonary valve and the aortic valve that prevent blood from flowing back into the heart./ ventricle

Question 38

Lies in the opening where the pulmonary trunk leaves the right ventricle.

Answer 38

pulmonary valve

Question 39

Is situated at the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Answer 39

aortic valve

Question 40

Consists of cusps that attach to the artery wall.

Answer 40

Each valve consists of three semilunar (half-moon-shaped) cusps that attach to the artery wall.

Question 41

the _____ _______ permit blood to flow in one direction only in this case, from the ventricles into the arteries.

Answer 41

Semilunar valves

Question 42

Valves of heart

Answer 42

Image- Slide 30