Cardiovascular System Mod 10

Question 1

Where is the heart located?

Answer 1

In the mediastinum under the second rib

Question 2

What are the 3 layers of the heart and what is their function?

Answer 2

1. Endocardium: lines the inside of the heart
2. Myocardium: thickest layer and is hearts muscle layer
3. Thin outermost layer

Question 3

What is the pericardium and what are the 3 layers?

Answer 3

A sac that encloses the heart and keeps it in place
Parietal layer
Pericardial layer
Visceral layer (epicardium)

Question 4

What are the 2 divisions of the heart and what are their functions?

Answer 4

1. Pulmonary circuit: right side pumps blood low in oxygen to the lungs
2. Systemic circuit: left side pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Question 5

What are the 2 chambers of the heart and their functions?

Answer 5

2 upper chambers: LEFT AND RIGHT ATRIA which are receiving chambers
2 lower chambers: RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICLES which are discharging chambers

Question 6

What are the 4 valves of the heart and their functions?

Answer 6

Keep blood flowing through the heart and prevent back flow
Atrioventricular valves: LEFT (BICUSPID) AND RIGHT (TRICUSPID) entrance valves
Semilunar valves: PULMONARY VALVE (DEOXYGENATED BLOOD LEAVING THE VENTRICLE) AORTIC VALVE (OXYGENATED BLOOD LEAVING THE VENTRICLE)

Question 7

What is stroke volume?

Answer 7

Volume of blood that is ejected from one ventricle with each beat

Question 8

What is cardiac output?

Answer 8

Amount of blood that one ventricle can pump each minute

Question 9

What is a sinoatrial node (SA)?

Answer 9

The hearts natural pace maker located in the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava

Question 10

What is a atrioventricular node (AV)?

Answer 10

Located in the right atrium close to the ventricle

Question 11

What is an AV bundle (bundle of His)?

Answer 11

Located in the septum of the ventricle

Question 12

What are purkinje fibres?

Answer 12

Located in the walls of the ventricles

Question 13

What are arteries?

Answer 13

A blood vessel that pushes blood away from the heart

Question 14

What are arterioles?

Answer 14

A blood vessel that pushes blood into capillaries

Question 15

What are capillaries?

Answer 15

A blood vessel that are tiny and thin walled that allows gas and nutrient exchange

Question 16

What are venules?

Answer 16

Blood vessels that receive blood from capillaries and then go back to the heart

Question 17

What are veins?

Answer 17

Blood vessel that transports blood to the heart

Question 18

What are the 3 tunics that arteries and veins have and what are their functions?

Answer 18

1. Tunica intima: inner coat that is smooth and allows blood to flow easily
2. Tunica media: middle smooth muscle that is the thickest layer that allows it to stretch
3. Tunica externa: outer layer that is connective tissue

Question 19

What artery is located in the anterior brain and meninges?

Answer 19

Internal carotid

Question 20

What artery is located in the neck, eyes, face and larynx?

Answer 20

External carotid

Question 21

What artery is located in the head and neck?

Answer 21

Common carotid

Question 22

What artery is located in upper left extremities?

Answer 22

Left subclavian

Question 23

What artery is located in the branches to the head, neck and upper extremities?

Answer 23

Arch of aorta

Question 24

What artery is located in the heart muscle?

Answer 24

Coronary

Question 25

What artery is located in the kidneys?

Answer 25

Renal

Question 26

What artery is located in the arm?

Answer 26

Brachial

Question 27

What artery is located in the lateral side of the hand?

Answer 27

Radial

Question 28

What artery is located in the medial side of the hand?

Answer 28

Ulnar

Question 29

What artery is located in the thigh?

Answer 29

Femoral

Question 30

What artery is located in the knee and leg?

Answer 30

Popliteal

Question 31

What vein is located in superficial tissues in the head and neck?

Answer 31

External jugular

Question 32

What vein is located in the sinuses of the brain?

Answer 32

Internal jugular

Question 33

What vein is located in the upper extremities?

Answer 33

Subclavian

Question 34

What vein is located in head, neck and upper extremities?

Answer 34

Superior vena cava

Question 35

What vein is located in the lower body?

Answer 35

Inferior vena cava

Question 36

What vein is located in the liver?

Answer 36

Hepatic

Question 37

What vein is located in cephalic vein?

Answer 37

Median cubital

Question 38

What vein is located in the leg?

Answer 38

Great saphenous

Question 39

Define blood pressure

Answer 39

Push or force of blood as it flows through the blood vessels Highest in arteries Lowest in veins

Question 40

What is blood volume?

Answer 40

Larger the volume the higher the pressure | Lower the volume the lower the pressure

Question 41

What are strength of heart contractions?

Answer 41

How weak or strong your heart contraction is

Question 42

What is a heart rate?

Answer 42

Increased rate increases pressure | Decreased rate decreases pressure

Question 43

What is blood viscosity?

Answer 43

Thickness of blood More than normal will increase pressure Less than normal will decrease pressure

Question 44

Define pulse

Answer 44

Expansion and recoil of the blood vessel wall

Question 45

What are the 9 pulse points?

Answer 45

1. Temporal 2. Facial 3. Corortid 4. Brachial 5. Radial 6. Femoral 7. Popiteal 8. Posterior tibia 9. Dorsalis pedis