CARDIOVASCULAR TEST

Question 1

What does the pulmonary circuit do?

Answer 1

Carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back.

Question 2

What are the 3 things included in the Pulmonary circuit

Answer 2

• pulmonary trunk
• pulmonary arteries
• pulmonary veins

Question 3

what does the systemic circuit do?

Answer 3

carried blood from the heart to the body and back.

Question 4

what is included in the systemic system?

Answer 4

• vena cava brings blood back to <3
• aorta puts blood into body
• whole body (head, arms, legs, torso)

Question 5

what does the Superior Vena Cava (SVC) do?

Answer 5

Returns blood back to the heart from the upper body.

Question 6

What does the Right atrium do?

Answer 6

-receives deoxygenated blood from body tissue
-covered by auricle

Question 7

What do the coronary blood vessels do?

Answer 7

• provide oxygen to the heart itself
• veins and arteries

Question 8

What does the right ventricle do?

Answer 8

receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium.

Question 9

What does the Inferior vena cava (IVC) do?

Answer 9

Returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the lower body.

Question 10

What does the aorta do?

Answer 10

takes oxygenated blood to body tissues.

Question 11

What do the pulmonary arteries do?

Answer 11

carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up more oxygen.

Question 12

What does the left atrium do?

Answer 12

-recieves oxygenated blood from the lungs
-covered by auricle

Question 13

What does the left ventricle do?

Answer 13

receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium

Question 14

what is the apex?

Answer 14

the tip (bottom) of the heart

Question 15

what is the base?

Answer 15

the top of the heart

Question 16

Rank veins, capillaries and arteries by their flow rate.

Answer 16

1. Arteries (high flow rate)
2. Veins
   3 Capillaries (low flow rate)

Question 17

What are the 3 layers of tunica in Veins and Arteries

Answer 17

1. Tunica interna
2. Tunica media
3. Tunica externa

Question 18

What do capillaries do?

Answer 18

-pass blood between arteries and veins

Question 19

What 4 things affect Heart rate?

Answer 19

Stress
Hormones
Ions
Physical Factors

Question 20

How does stress affect heart rate?

Answer 20

Sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system

Question 21

what hormones affect heart rate?

Answer 21

epinephrine and thyroxine raise heart rate

Question 22

How do Ions affect heart rate?

Answer 22

electrolyte imbalances impair heart contractions

Question 23

What physical factors affect heart rate?

Answer 23

Age
Temp
Overall health

Question 24

how does exercise affect the hearts stroke volume?

Answer 24

it increases the volume
- additional blood returns from contracting skeletal muscles

Question 25

How does rapid blood loss affect the hearts stroke volume?

Answer 25

decreases blood returning to the heart

Question 26

What is pericardium?

Answer 26

Membranous sac that encloses the heart

Question 27

What does FIBROUS pericardium do? is it moist or dry?

Answer 27

Connective tissue that attaches the heart to the chest wall. -dry

Question 28

What does SEROUS pericardium do? Is it moist or dry?

Answer 28

is the protective covering of the heart. -Moist to reduce friction -Delicate

Question 29

What is PARIETAL pericardium?

Answer 29

serous pericardium - the outermost layer

Question 30

What is VISCERAL pericardium (epicardium)?

Answer 30

serous pericardium -Inner layer (touches the heart)

Question 31

What is the pericardial cavity?

Answer 31

A fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral pericardium that reduces friction.

Question 32

What is EPIcardium (visceral pericardium)?

Answer 32

The outermost layer of the heart muscle.

Question 33

What is MYOcardium?

Answer 33

The THICK layer of heart muscle between the epicardium and the endocardium. -varies in thickness from L -> R

Question 34

What is ENDOcardium?

Answer 34

The THIN, inner layer of heart muscle. -mostly epithelial tissue -Purkinje fibers

Question 35

What is the difference between the digestive organs and the rest of the bodies blood circulation?

Answer 35

The digestive organs are brought through the Celiac A and then to the organs and then are FILTERED through the liver so no toxins get in the body.

Question 36

What is the real name for a heart attack?

Answer 36

Myocardial infarction

Question 37

What is it called when the walls of an artery weaken and balloon out?

Answer 37

Aneurysm

Question 38

Where is the heart located in the body?

Answer 38

between the 2nd and 5th rib

Question 39

Primary Function of Cardiovascular system?

Answer 39

Transport substances throughout the body

Question 40

The heart is located in the ____, the middle cavity of the thorax

Answer 40

Mediastinum

Question 41

_____ anchor valve to the heart wall

Answer 41

chordae tendineae

Question 42

_____ valves are closed when ventricles contract

Answer 42

Atrioventricular (AV), tricuspid/bicuspid

Question 43

_____ valves are closed when the ventricles fill with blood

Answer 43

Semilunar Aorta/pulmonary

Question 44

What is the real name of the SA node

Answer 44

sinoatrial node

Question 45

____ encludes the events of an entire heart beat

Answer 45

cardiac cycle

Question 46

Diastole

Answer 46

relaxation

Question 47

systole

Answer 47

contraction

Question 48

'Lub' sound is when ____

Answer 48

The AV valves are closing

Question 49

circle of willis provides alternate blood flow to protect _____

Answer 49

the brain

Question 50

'Dup' sound is when ____

Answer 50

The semilunar valves are closing

Question 51

Left side of the heart is the ____ pump

Answer 51

Systemic pump

Question 52

Right side of the heart is the ____ pump

Answer 52

pulmonary pump

Question 53

What is the cardiac output?

Answer 53

the amount of blood pumped in 1 minute

Question 54

How is the cardiac output found?

Answer 54

Heart rate X stroke volume

Question 55

Average BP

Answer 55

120/80