Care Of A Preschooler

Question 1

What is the age range for Erikson’s stage of “Initiative vs Guilt”?

Answer 1

3 to 6 years

Question 2

Which Freudian stage corresponds to children aged 3-6 years?

Answer 2

Phallic

Question 3

What are the two stages in cognitive development for children aged 3 to 7 years?

Answer 3

Preconceptual Preoperational (3-4 years old)
Preconceptual Intuitive (5-7 years old)

Question 4

How do children in the preconceptual stage (3-4 years old) learn?

Answer 4

They learn by asking questions.

Question 5

What is Centration in cognitive development?

Answer 5

Centration is when children focus on one characteristic of an object or person and base their decision on that one characteristic.

Question 6

What cognitive concept are children in the preconceptual stage not yet aware of?

Answer 6

The Law of Conservation.

Question 7

What is the moral and spiritual development level for children aged 3-6 years?

Answer 7

Level 1 Preconventional: Individualism & Exchange. They determine right and wrong based on their parents’ rules.

Question 8

What are common fears for children in the age group of 3-6 years?

Answer 8

Mutilation and castration.

Question 9

What type of play is common for children aged 3-6 years?

Answer 9

Associative Play
Imitation Play

Question 10

What toys are suitable for children aged 3-6 years?

Answer 10

Simple jigsaw puzzle
Dolls
Coloring book
Pencils, pens, and crayons

Question 11

How does a child’s physical growth change during early childhood?

Answer 11

Children become slimmer, taller, and have more childlike proportions.

Question 12

What becomes apparent regarding a child’s body type between ages 3-6 years?

Answer 12

Contour changes are so definite that the future body type (ectomorphic - slim or endomorphic - large) becomes apparent

Question 13

What physical milestone regarding handedness occurs during early childhood?

Answer 13

Handedness begins to be obvious

Question 14

What change happens to a child’s lymphatic tissue during early childhood?

Answer 14

Lymphatic tissue increases in size, particularly the tonsils, and levels of IgG and IgA antibodies rise.

Question 15

What are the normal pulse rate (PR) and blood pressure (BP) for a child aged 3-6 years?

Answer 15

Pulse Rate (PR): 85 bpm
Blood Pressure (BP): 100/60 mmHg

Question 16

Where is the bladder easily palpable in a child aged 3-6 years?

Answer 16

The bladder is easily palpable at the symphysis pubis, and the child voids 9-10 times daily.

Question 17

What is a typical foot development milestone in early childhood?

Answer 17

A well-formed arch in the foot.

Question 18

How much weight do children aged 3-6 years gain per year?

Answer 18

They gain a slight weight of 4.5 lbs (2 kg) per year.

Question 19

How does a child’s appetite change in early childhood?

Answer 19

The appetite remains the same as it was during the toddler years.

Question 20

How much height do children aged 3-6 years gain per year?

Answer 20

Height gain is minimal, around 2-3.5 inches (6-8 cm) per year.

Question 21

How many deciduous teeth do children have by 3 years old?

Answer 21

20 deciduous teeth.

Question 22

Why is it important to preserve deciduous teeth?

Answer 22

Permanent teeth erupt during the school-age period.
Deciduous teeth hold the position for permanent teeth as the jaw grows larger.

Question 23

What is a fine motor milestone for a 3-year-old?

Answer 23

Undresses self
Stacks tower of blocks
Draws a cross

Question 24

What is a gross motor milestone for a 3-year-old?

Answer 24

Runs
Alternates feet on stairs
Rides a tricycle
Stands on one foot

Question 25

What is a fine motor milestone for a 4-year-old?

Answer 25

Can button simple buttons.

Question 26

What is a fine motor milestone for a 5-year-old?

Answer 26

Can draw a six-part figure Can lace shoes

Question 27

What is the vocabulary of a 3-year-old?

Answer 27

900 words

Question 28

What is the vocabulary of a 4-year-old?

Answer 28

1500 words.

Question 29

What is the vocabulary of a 5-year-old?

Answer 29

2100 words.

Question 30

What are play characteristics of a 3-year-old?

Answer 30

Able to take turns Very imaginative Constantly in motion Jumps Skips Throws overhead

Question 31

What are play characteristics of a 4-year-old?

Answer 31

Pretending is a major activity Enjoys roughhousing and imitative play

Question 32

What are play characteristics of a 5-year-old?

Answer 32

Likes games with numbers or letters Interested in group games Enjoys reciting songs they have learned

Question 33

What is egocentrism in language development?

Answer 33

Perceiving that one's thoughts and needs are more important than those of others.

Question 34

How do children aged 4-5 years engage in mealtime conversations?

Answer 34

They enjoy participating and can describe an incident from their day in great detail.

Question 35

What is the emotional development stage of initiative in preschoolers?

Answer 35

Preschoolers like to explore because they have discovered that learning new things is fun.

Question 36

What can develop in a child when they are punished or criticized for their attempts at initiative?

Answer 36

Guilt, which may make it difficult for them to envision their capability to solve problems in the future.

Question 37

How can initiative be promoted in preschool children?

Answer 37

Expose children to a variety of experiences and play materials. Encourage exploration outside the home. Provide materials for creative play. Role model and introduce the child to your work environment

Question 38

hat is magical thinking in preschoolers?

Answer 38

Magical thinking is the belief that their thoughts can influence events or reality, and it is part of their fantasy development.

Question 39

What is the Oedipus Complex in preschoolers?

Answer 39

A strong emotional attachment a preschool boy demonstrates toward his mother.

Question 40

What is the Electra Complex in preschoolers?

Answer 40

A strong emotional attachment a preschool girl demonstrates toward her father.

Question 41

How do preschool children become aware of gender roles?

Answer 41

They become aware of gender differences through exposure to adults of the opposite gender, and through the reinforcement of gender-typical behaviors by parents, teachers, and peers.

Question 42

How does socialization affect preschoolers?

Answer 42

Exposure to other playmates helps preschoolers relate to others more easily than those who have limited interaction with peers.

Question 43

How do 4-year-olds engage in social interactions?

Answer 43

: They may engage in arguments as they become more aware of their role in a group

Question 44

How do 5-year-olds begin to form friendships?

Answer 44

They begin to develop best friendships based on proximity, like who they walk to school with or who lives closest to them.