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BDS2 Caries Symposium > Caries Symposium 1 > Flashcards

Caries Symposium 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 factors necessary for caries formation?

A
  • Susceptible surface (tooth)
  • Substrate
  • Bacteria
  • Time
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2
Q

What is a caries risk assessment?

A
  • The risk of the patient developing new/progressive disease in the future
  • Needs to be made for each individual patient
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3
Q

What are the general caries risk factors? (2 points)

A
  • Social (education, family, area they live etc)

- General health

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4
Q

What are the local caries risk factors? (5 points)

A
  • Oral hygiene
  • Diet
  • Fluoride experience
  • Past caries experience
  • orthodontic treatment
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5
Q

What are the 7 elements of caries risk? (IMPORTANT)

A
  • Clinical evidence
  • Dietary habits
  • Social history
  • Fluoride use
  • Plaque control
  • Saliva
  • Medical history

All 7 elements = determination of caries risk

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6
Q

What does dmft mean?

A
  • Decayed, missing and filled teeth in the primary dentition
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7
Q

What does DMFT mean?

A
  • Decayed, missing and filled teeth in the permanent dentition
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8
Q

What are some major forms of caries experience that would suggest a person is at high risk of caries?

A
  • Having a dmft or DMFT greater than or equal to 5
  • Caries in the 6’s of a 6 year old
  • greater than or equal to 3 caries found in a 3 year period
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9
Q

Excluding caries experience, what are 2 other clinical factors that indicate an increased caries risk?

A
  • Orthodontics (fixed appliance therapy)

- Prosthetics (fixed or removable)

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10
Q

How many sugar intakes in the died per day indicate a high risk of caries development?

A
  • Greater than or equal to 3
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11
Q

What is more of an issue in the role of diet in caries development: a high frequency of sugar in the diet or the volume of sugar in the diet?

A
  • A high frequency of sugar in the diet
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12
Q

What is more cariogenic, highly processed/refined carbs or natural sugars?

A
  • Highly processed/refined carbs but natural sugars can still cause harm e.g. lactose in early childhood caries
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13
Q

What does SIMD stand for?

A

Scottish index of multiple deprivation

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14
Q

When looking at social history, what factors do we need to consider? (8 points)

A
  • SIMD category
  • Education
  • Unemployment
  • Work stressors
  • Single parent families
  • Violence
  • Inequalities and access to healthcare
  • Dependents
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15
Q

What are the 2 factors involving fluoride experience that can increase risk of caries development?

A
  • Infrequent use of fluoride toothpaste

- No fluoride in the water supply

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16
Q

What are the roles of fluoride in preventing caries formation? (3 points)

A
  • Incorporation into enamel crystals to form fluorapatite which is more caries resistant (resistant to demineralization) than hydroxyapatite
  • Bactericidal? resistant streptococcal strains
  • Interferes with the adhesion force of bacteria reducing their ability to stick to the surface of teeth
17
Q

What are the different oral hygiene factors that you need to consider that contribute to caries development? (5 points)

A
  • Poor technique
  • Irregular brushing
  • Unassisted (very young/very old, those with manual dexterity issues)
  • Access to toothbrush/toothpaste
  • Difficulty due to changes (mixed dentition/orthodontics/gaps/recession)
18
Q

What are the factors you need to consider in the role of saliva and caries development? (5 points)

A
  • Amount
  • Flow
  • Buffering capacity
  • pH
  • Viscosity
19
Q

What common mouth condition can many medications including scopolamine patches/asthma inhalers induce which contributes to a higher risk of caries development?

A
  • Xerostomia
20
Q

Which drug causes a side effect that makes OH difficult?

A

Mucositis

21
Q

Free sugars are used to make medications more palatable. These increase the risk of caries development. Name a medication that is high in sugar?

A
  • Lactulose
22
Q

What are the social factors that typically make caries high risk for children? (3 points)

A
  • Mother’s education secondary only
  • Poor dental attender
  • Family unit: single parent, social class, unemployed
23
Q

What are the health factors that typically make caries high risk in children? (2 points)

A
  • Poor health/chronic sickness

- Sugar-based medications

24
Q

How many lesion in the primary dentition at the first dental attendance of a child indicates that they are at high risk of caries?

A

Greater than or equal to 10

25
Q

What social/behavioural factors typically indicate that an infant/toddler is at high risk of developing caries? (6 points)

A
  • Mothers caries rate
  • Prolonged nursing habits
  • Bottle/pacifier at bedtime
  • Cariogenic snacking
  • No tooth cleaning
  • Little fluoride exposure
26
Q

What factors indicate a typical high caries risk adul t? (7 points)

A
  • Level of education
  • Attends dentist only when they identify a problem
  • Social difficulties
  • ‘sweet tooth’ WITH poor OH
  • Sugar containing meds or meds affecting saliva
  • Secondary caries
27
Q

What are the 8 elements of preventing caries?

A
  • Radiographs
  • Toothbrushing instruction
  • Strength of F in toothpaste
  • F varnish
  • F supplementation
  • Diet advice
  • Fissure sealant
  • Sugar free medicine

BDS2 Caries Symposium (5 decks)

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