Cartilage

Question 1

which layer of articular cartilage?

Answer 1

transitional layer

Question 2

repair of damaged cartilage is due primarily to activity of ______

Answer 2

perichondrium

Question 3

interstitial vs appositional growth

Answer 3

interstitial: legth
appositional: width

Question 4

cartilage fxns

Answer 4

bear mechanical stress shock absorber frictionless joint movement bone growth fracture repair

Question 5

outer fibrous layer

Answer 5

contains fibroblasts which produce type I collagen and elastin

Question 6

fibrocartilage organization

Answer 6

chondrocytes in parallel rows, collagen fibers in bundles (type I and II)

ground substance has dermatan and chondroitin sulfate

Question 7

which type of collagen predominates matrix

Answer 7

type II (type I in fibrocartilage, elastic fibers in elastic cartilage)

Question 8

perichondrium

Answer 8

dense CT, carries blood supply, source of new cartilage cells

Question 9

proximity of BV often stimulates _______ instead of cartilage repair

Answer 9

bone growth (osteoblasts)

Question 10

fibrocartilage and where found

Answer 10

NO perichondrium type I C found in IV disks, articular disks of knee, mandible, sternoclavicular joints, pubic symphysis

Question 11

label the layers

Answer 11

top to bottom: tangential layer, transitional layer, radial layer, calcified cartilage, bone

Question 12

Answer 12

hyaline

Question 13

chondroblasts vs chondrocytes fxns

Answer 13

blast: replicating population that SECRETE matrix cyte: MAINTAIN matrix

Question 14

amphiarthroses joints permit _____ and are found ______

Answer 14

slight movement

intervertebral disks and bodies

Question 15

which layer of articular cartilage

Answer 15

radial layer (the stacks of cells are oriented perpendicular to the articulating surface)

Question 16

type A macrophage-like synovial cells

Answer 16

phagocytic

contain lysosomes to clear articular cavity of debris

Question 17

what type

Answer 17

fibrocartilage (tendon)

Question 18

which layer of articular cartilage?

Answer 18

calcified cartilage

Question 19

except for ___________, hyaline cartilage is surrounded and nourished by perichondrium

Answer 19

articular surfaces

Question 20

type B fibroblast-like synovial cells

Answer 20

produce synovial fluid

hyaluronic acid to increase viscosity

lubricin

lubricates cartilage to reduce friction

Question 21

articular cartilage

Answer 21

type of hyaline cartilage that does not have perichondrium

reduces friction between bones

no nerves or BV

Question 22

Answer 22

hyaline

Question 23

cartilage characteristics

Answer 23

composed of cells and ECM cells are chondroblasts or chondrocytes avascular no nerve supply no lymphatics

Question 24

hyaline and where found

Answer 24

has perichondrium type II C found in embryo, articular cartilage of resp tract, costal cartilage

Question 25

inner chondrogenic layer

Answer 25

gives rise to chondroblasts and osteoprogenitor cells blasts secrete type II collagen

Question 26

elastic and where found

Answer 26

has perichondrium type II C and EF found in external ear, epiglottis, auditory tube

Question 27

synovial membrane

Answer 27

surrounds entire joint cavity except articular cartilage regenerates if damaged

Question 28

what type/label arrows

Answer 28

hyaline starting upper left and going clockwise: outer fibrous layer, inner chondrogenic layer, territorial matrix, interterritorial matrix, chondrocytes

Question 29

cartilage is usually replaced by\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 29

dense CT or bone (if vascularized)

Question 30

territorial matrix

Answer 30

surrounds isogenous cell group, high amt of GAGs and lower amt of collagen

Question 31

chondrocytes

Answer 31

round cells with small dark nuclei arranged in *lacunae* often in groups of 2-8 cells (isogenous groups)

Question 32

what type/what is arrow pointing to?

Answer 32

hyaline, perichondrium

Question 33

diarthroses joints permit ______ and are found\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

free movment synovial joints

Question 34

interterritorial matrix

Answer 34

surrounds territorial matrix, more collagen II and fewer GAGs

Question 35

what type

Answer 35

elastic

Question 36

Which layer of articular cartilage?

Answer 36

tangential (chondrocytes flattened parallel to surface, cartilage parallel to surface)

Question 37

what type

Answer 37

Elastic

Question 38

synarthroses joints permit _____ and found in \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 38

little to no movement cranial bones, ribs, sternum

Question 39

what type

Answer 39

fibrocartilage