Cartilage Fish

Question 1

Ichthyology

Answer 1

Study of fish

Question 2

Characteristics of placodermi fish

Answer 2

• Extinct fishes
• Called plate skinned fishes
• Body coverd by abony armour
• First fishes (coccosteus)

-

Question 3

Characteristics of chondrichthyes

Answer 3

• Cartilaginous fishes
• Endoskeleton
• Skin with placoid scles
• Mouth ventral and teeth are modifid -placoid scales
• sexual reprodaction with internal fertilization
• example: shark,rays,skates

Question 4

Characteristics of osteichthyes

Answer 4

• Bony fish
• mouthis terminal
• had ctenoid or cycoid scales
• tile homocercal or diphycercal
• bony operculum
• example:sardinella

Question 5

What is the difference between chondrichthyes & osteichthyes

Answer 5

chondrichthyes

• loss of bone
• gill are lamellary
• example:sharks

osteichthyes

• bone present
• gill are filamntous
• example:sardinella

Question 6

Important characteristics of cartilaginous fishes

Answer 6

• torpedo shape ,countershading (top:dark/bottom:light)
• placoid scales
• buoyancy

Question 7

What is the benefit of placoid scales?

Answer 7

• dermal in orgin and form the exoskeleton
• has basal plant and spine —-dentine—-enamel——pulp cavity
• rowarda the tail
• helps to reduce friction frome surroundings water when the shark swims

Question 8

What is the 5 major fins of shark

Answer 8

-dorsal fins —> Stabilizaing
-pectoral fins. —> life steering
-pelvic fins —->. Stabilizaing(clasping in males)
-anal fins —->. Stabilizaing
Causal fins ——> forward momentum (propulsion)

Question 9

Oil store in ————

Answer 9

Liver

Question 10

Most shark have ———- tails

Answer 10

Heterocercal

Question 11

What is the benefit of claspers?

Answer 11

Deliver sperm from the male to female

Question 12

What is the difference between the of female and male?

Answer 12

-the skin of Female 3-4 timer thicker than male.
-female have thicker skine than male
Matting in female is faster than male

Question 13

How is the shark respiration

Answer 13

By gill slits( 5-7)

Question 14

When sharks are on ocea floor they are able to breath using ———-

Answer 14

Spiracles

Question 15

Shark teeth are ——

Answer 15

Embedded in the gums

Question 16

How many row in shark teeth?

Answer 16

3 rows

Question 17

What is the benefit of tapetum lucidum ?

Answer 17

Lining in the blck of the eye that helps detect light in dim or dark areas

Question 18

Lateral line

Answer 18

-Detect pressure change in the water.

Question 19

Digestive for ——

Answer 19

Solid waste

Question 20

Excretory for ——

Answer 20

Liquide waste

Question 21

Reproductive system for ——-

Answer 21

Gamerts

Question 22

What is the benefit of squalene oil ?

Answer 22

Help shark to stay afloat

Question 23

Spiral valve الصمام اللولبي

Answer 23

Inside the intestine in shark

Helps with digestive by increasing surface area

Question 24

Spleen of sharks

Answer 24

Triangular shape
Located near the posterior
Part of circulatory system الدورة الدموية
Storeage of red blood cell

Question 25

Pancrease بنكرياس

Answer 25

Located under side of the spleen(تحت الطحال) Two lobes Provides secretions needed for digestion توفر الافرازات اللازمه للهضم

Question 26

Surface area increased in stomach by

Answer 26

Spiral valve

Question 27

The function of scroll valve

Answer 27

1. increases the area of absorption | 2. it prevents the rapid flow of food through the intestine

Question 28

Heart of shark

Answer 28

2 chambered heart 1. atrium (auricle) 2. ventricle(s -shaped ,located in the anterior region,transports deoxygenated blood

Question 29

Explain theHeart chamners and the function

Answer 29

``` - sinus venosus (وريد) . Dexoxygenated blood from body returns يعود الدم الغير موكسد من الجسم artium - .receives blood from sinus venosus -ventricle البطين Pumps blood through conus arreriosus to gills and body -Conus anteriosusالمخروط الشرياني. .help to direct the blood flow ```

Question 30

Nostrils only for ……

Answer 30

Smell

Question 31

Electroperception الحس الكهربائي

Answer 31

Ability to detect weak electric currents

Question 32

Ampullae of lorenzini

Answer 32

Found on the head of shark | Detect weak magnetic fields produced by other fishes

Question 33

What is the difference between the femal reproductive and male reproductive

Answer 33

Female: cloacal opening Ovaries Male Claspers Testes

Question 34

oophgy & embryophagy

Answer 34

oophgy Eating eggs within the mother uteri Example:white shark embryophagy Eat siblings in uteri Example:sand tiger shark

Question 35

Mermaid purse

Answer 35

Tough leathery membrane covers shark eggs

Question 36

Difference between rays and skates

Answer 36

Rays :viviparous (live bearing)/one lobe skates:oviparous (egg laying )/two lobe