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Sem 3 Neuro > Case 8 DRUGS > Flashcards

Case 8 DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

What type of medication is Chlorpromazine? What does it treat?

A

Antipsychotic - Schizophrenia

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2
Q

What receptors does Chlorpromazine affect?

A 
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.
Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist.
Histamine H1 receptor antagonist.
a-adrengergic receptor antagonist.
Muscarinic M1 receptor antagonist.
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3
Q

How does Chlorpromazine work on different receptors?

i.e. name each receptor and its effects on them

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist - reduces postive symptoms by lowering DA in associative striatum.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist - weight gain

Histamine H1 receptor antagonist - sedation

a-adrengergic receptor antagonist - lowers blood pressure, ergo postural hypotension and reflex tachycardia, small pupils (sympathetic antagonist)

Muscarinic M1 receptor antagonist - dry mouth, sore throat, blurred near vision, tachycardia, urinary retention, abuse, confusion

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4
Q

Is Chlorpromazine a typical or an a-typical antipsychotic?

A

TYPICAL antipsychotic.

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5
Q

What type of medication is Haloperidol? What does it treat?

A

Antipsychotic - Schizophrenia

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6
Q

What receptors does Haloperidol affect?

A 
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.
Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist.
Histamine H1 receptor antagonist.
a-adrengergic receptor antagonist.
Muscarinic M1 receptor antagonist.
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7
Q

How does Haloperidol work on different receptors?

i.e. name each receptor and its effects on them

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist - reduces postive symptoms by lowering DA in associative striatum.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist - weight gain

Histamine H1 receptor antagonist - sedation

a-adrengergic receptor antagonist - lowers blood pressure, ergo postural hypotension and reflex tachycardia, small pupils (sympathetic antagonist)

Muscarinic M1 receptor antagonist - dry mouth, sore throat, blurred near vision, tachycardia, urinary retention, abuse, confusion

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8
Q

Is Haloperidol a typical or an a-typical antipsychotic?

A

TYPICAL antipsychotic.

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9
Q

What type of medication is Risperidone? What does it treat?

A

Antipsychotic - Schizophrenia

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10
Q

What receptors does Risperidone affect?

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist.

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11
Q

How does Risperidone work on different receptors?

i.e. name each receptor and its effects on them

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist - reduces postive symptoms by lowering DA in associative striatum.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist - weight gain

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12
Q

Is Risperidone a typical or an a-typical antipsychotic?

A

a-typical

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13
Q

What type of medication is Clozapine? What does it treat?

A

Antipsychotic - Schizophrenia

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14
Q

What receptors does Clozapine affect?

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, but binds best to Dopamine D4***

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist.

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15
Q

How does Clozapine work on different receptors?

i.e. name each receptor and its effects on them

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist - reduces postive symptoms by lowering DA in associative striatum.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist - weight gain

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16
Q

Is Clozapine a typical or an a-typical antipsychotic?

A

a-typical

17
Q

What type of medication is Quetiapine? What does it treat?

A

Antipsychotic - Schizophrenia

18
Q

What receptors does Quetiapine affect?

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist.

19
Q

How does Quetiapine work on different receptors?

i.e. name each receptor and its effects on them

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist - reduces postive symptoms by lowering DA in associative striatum.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist - weight gain

20
Q

Is Quetiapine a typical or an a-typical antipsychotic?

A

a-typical

21
Q

What type of medication is Olanzopine? What does it treat?

A

Antipsychotic - Schizophrenia

22
Q

What receptors does Olanzopine affect?

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist.

23
Q

How does Olanzopine work on different receptors?

i.e. name each receptor and its effects on them

A

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist - reduces postive symptoms by lowering DA in associative striatum.

Seretonin 5-HT receptor antagonist - weight gain

24
Q

Is Quetiapine a typical or an a-typical antipsychotic?

A

a-typical

25
Q

What CAUSES the major side effects seen from anti-psychotics?

A

D2 receptor antagonism in other pathways gives rise to a range of related side effects.

26
Q

What ARE the major side effects seen from anti-psychotics?

A 
Hyperprolactinaemia
Parkinsonian symptoms 
Weight gain 
Deterioration in working memory 
Blurred near vision 
Sedation
27
Q

How are each of the main side effects caused?

Hyperprolactinaemia
Parkinsonian symptoms 
Weight gain 
Deterioration in working memory 
Blurred near vision 
Sedation
A

Hyperprolactinaemia - D2 antagonism in tuberoinfundibular pathway

Parkinsonian symptoms - D2 antagonism in receptors of nigrostriatal pathway (sensori-motor pathway dorsal striatum)

Weight gain - 5-HT2 receptors + effects on leptin

Deterioration in working memory - D2 antagonism in mesocortical pathway

Blurred near vision - Muscarinic M1 acetylcholine
Sedation

Sedation - antagonism of histamine H1 and a-adrengeric receptors

28
Q

Main worrying side effects of Clozapine? (Rare)

A

Agranulocytosis

Therefore close blood monitoring needed.

29
Q

Why are normal antipsychotics sometimes added with clozapine?

A

Clozapine binds best to D4 dopamine receptors.

So other APS that bind better to D2 are said to “fill in gaps” e.g. sulpiride and amisulpride

Sem 3 Neuro (8 decks)

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