Case Law Flashcards
(21 cards)
Payne v Arkansas
Even if there is sufficient evidence to support a conviction without a coerced confession, conviction may be reversed if confession was improperly introduced at trial
Dickerson v US
Congress may not supercede Miranda warnings
Berkemer v McCarty
Roadside questioning during a routine traffic stop does not constitute custodial interrogation unless treatment of motorist rises to being “in custody”
Brewer v Williams
Christian Burrial Speech - violated 5th Amendment
Rhode Island v Innis
Two officers speaking to themselves (gun case). Suspect unprompted interjects and tells them where the gun is
(admissible - suspect not interrogated)
Arizona v Mauro
Wife spoke with husband while he’s detained - told her not to talk to the police. Used to rebut insanity defense
Admissible - suspect not questioned and wife was not used/directed by police
California v Prysock
Miranda warnings are not so rigid as to be required to be given in the exact terms - fully effective equivalent test
North Carolina v Butler
“I’ll talk to you but I’m not signing any form” - waiver of rights is not one of form, but of substance (admissible)
Edwards v Arizona (Edwards rule)
Requests attorney and questioning ceases. Later, two other investigators interview him post Miranda and he implicates himself
Inadmissible - unless accused initiates further exchanges/communication/conversations
Maryland v Shatzer
Prisoner questioned in 2003 and “released” back into prison. Interviewed 3 years later. Waived rights and confessed
Admissable - break in custody - returned to “normal life” for some time between interrogations
Oregon v Elstadt
Implicated himself before Miranda. Later interviewed and implicated himself post Miranda.
Inadmissible - first illegal confession taints the second and cannot be used.
Guaranteed cousel for all persons standing trial for a felony offense
Gideon v Wainwright
Right to counsel for suspects during interrogation and other pretrial procedures
Escobedo v Illinois
Unnecessary delay in arraignment make statements given during that time inadmissible
McNabb v US &
Mallory v US
Once a defendant invokes the 6th amendment right to counsel, any subsequent waiver (even if it is voluntary, knowing and intelligent) is presumed invalid if secured pursuant to police-initiated conversation
Request made at arraignment - for pre-trial/hearings
Michigan v Jackson
(Jackson Rule)
Extended exclusionary rule to state courts
Mapp v Ohio
Evidence illegally obtained by federal officers must be excluded
Weeks v US (Exclusionary rule)
Inevitable discovery exception to Exclusionary rule
Nix v Williams
Terry reasoning applied to automobiles
US. V Cortez
Arrest warrant founded on PC implicitly carries with it the limited authority to enter the dwelling in which the suspect lives when there is reason to believe the suspect is with
Smith v Tolley
Crawford v City of Kansas City
Officer who has the opportunity to prevent, but does not prevent, a fellow officer’s allegedly excessive force may be liable under 1983
